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目前,农村饮水安全问题是农民最关心、最迫切需要解决的问题。基于公共物品理论,利用川、豫、晋、陕、黔、宁6省农户的微观数据,采用多元有序Logistic模型,分析农村饮水供给的影响因子,探讨农村饮水供给的有效性。结果表明,从整体情况看,农户对农村饮水供给效果的评价较为理想,农户评价结果为“较好”和“很好”的概率分别为72.21%和3.29%,农户对农村饮水供给效果的评价与农户收入之间呈现“U”型态势。其主要影响因素有政策支持、农户对乡镇政府的评价、农户参与满意度、水质、能否满足生活需要、变化情况、比较优势。从收入分组情况来看,不同收入组呈现出不同的特征,并且不同的因素对不同收入组所产生的影响和作用程度不同,其共同关键的影响因素有农户对乡镇政府的评价、水质、能否满足生活需要、变化情况、比较优势。因此,提出了应多方筹集资金,拓宽投融资渠道,提升农村饮水供给水平;加强农村饮水水源环境监管及其综合整治;鼓励和诱导农户积极参与农村饮水的供给和管理;充分发挥基层政府的导向作用等政策建议。
At present, the issue of drinking water safety in rural areas is most concerned by peasants and the most urgent problem to be solved. Based on the public goods theory, using the multivariate order Logistic model, the influencing factors of rural drinking water supply were analyzed using the micro-data of farmers in Sichuan, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou and Ningxia provinces, and the effectiveness of rural drinking water supply was discussed. The results show that the overall evaluation shows that the evaluation of rural households’ drinking water supply is more satisfactory. The probability of “good” and “good” are 72.21% and 3.29% The evaluation of supply effect and the income of farmers show “U” type situation. The main influencing factors are policy support, farmers ’evaluation of township governments, satisfaction of farmers’ participation, water quality, whether they can meet their needs, changes and comparative advantages. From the perspective of income grouping, different income groups show different characteristics, and different factors have different impacts and different degrees on different income groups. The common key influencing factors are farmers’ evaluation of township governments, water quality, Whether to meet the needs of life, changes, comparative advantages. Therefore, it is proposed that all parties should raise funds to broaden the channels of investment and financing to improve the supply of drinking water in rural areas; strengthen environmental supervision and comprehensive regulation of rural drinking water sources; encourage and induce farmers to participate actively in the supply and management of rural drinking water; give full play to the guidance of grassroots government Role and other policy recommendations.