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Abstract:Shandong province is a land of full of heroes,heroic deeds and heroic spirits during the Anti-JapaneseWar and Liberation War. People of Shandong have contribu-ted a great to the final victory of the NewChinas Reyolution.Shandong is in an advantageous position to have a profoundaccumulation of revolution and historical culture. It is impor-tant to carry out our central governments policy of developingpatriotic tour and to launch widely the education of patriotismand revnlutionary tradition.
Key Words: patriotic tour; revolutionary base area; pa-triotism.
The Significance of Developing Patriotic Tour.
Patriotic tour is based on the revolutionary history, he-roic deeds and patriotic spirits. During the Anti-Japanese War and Liberation War times, under the leadership of Chi-nese Communist Party, there had been numerous Shandong revolutionary people who had scored great achievements. The revolutionary relics and the monumental sites act as the bear-er to accept and educate the visitors especially the young people. Developing patriotic tour plays an essential and pro-found role in strengthening the education of revolutionary tra- dition. It is significant to help Chinese people and young students to know more about the history of Chinese Commu-nist Party, the glorious historyof our hometown and to carryforward the fine tradition. It is also very helpful to develop the economy of the old revolutionary regions in a harmoniousway.
Developing patriotic tour is beneficial to carry out the patriotic educationof the new era. Patriotismis the glorious tradition of our nation and it is the great strength to motivate our society. Patriotism is the spiritual prop shared by all the Chinese people. It is the important element of the socialism spiritual civilization. Patriotic Tour can change the backward economic conditions of the old and remote revolutionary places. With the development of patriotic tour, the revalu-tionary base areas will benefit from both the cultural effectand economic effect. There will be more working opportuni-tiesand income for the local residents. The revolutionary rel-ics together with other tourism resources will be well devel-oped and preserved. Our provincial tourism resources will be boomed with the development of patriotic tour.
The Overall Arrangement of Patriotic Tour of Shandong.
Based on the history and resources of the revolutionary base areas, the overall arrangement of ShandongPatriotic Tour is"One Core; Four Regions; A Main Line and Seven Refined Routes".
One Core:
In the anti -Japanese war and liberation war, Linyi was an important base area and the capital of Shandang Liberation Zone. Many organs resided in Linyi, such as East China Bu-reau and Shandong Branch Bureau of CPC, the headquarters of New No. 4 Army and No. 1 Branch of Anit-Japanese Military University, etc.. Many proletarian revolutionists,such as Liu Shaoqi, Xu Xiangqian, Luo Ronghuan, Chen Yi, Su Yu and Luo Binghui, lived and righted here. Centered on Linyi, Yimeng Mountain Revolutionary Base area is the centre of Shandong Patriotic Tour. It covers Linyi, Laiwu,Zibo, Weifang and some other cities. Linyi is one of the 18 national evolutionary base areas, and under the jurisdiction of Linyi city, Lanshan, Hedong, Mengyin, Yishui, Yinan,Feixian, Junan, Linshu and Cangshan counties are all the first-class revolutionarybases of Shaudong. This area is the bearer of Yimeng revulutionary spirits, the focus and the rep-resentative of Shandong Patriotic Tour System. Being part of the revolutionary base area, Yishan of Weifang city and Yiyuan of Zibo city are also rich in the cultural resources of patriotic tour. With the famous Laiwu Battle, Laiwu is also on of the important places of Yimeng Mountain Revolutionary Base Area.
Four Regions:
Along the borders of Hebei, Henan and Shandong prov-inces, the west Shandong Revolutionary Base Area is cen-tered on Heze city. It is one of the essential places of Shan-dong Patriotic Tour. It covers Heze, Jiuing and Liaocheng cities. This area is the typical revolutionarybase area of Shandong. Yuncheng, Dingtao and Juye counties of Heze city, Jinxiang. Qufu, Liaocheng and Jiaxiang of Jining city are all the main areas of patriotic tour.
Railway Guerilla Hometownis centered on Jining and zaozhuang cities. It covers Zaozhuang, Xuecheng, Yanzhou,Zoucheng and Weishan Lake area. Zaozhuang is the home-town of the "Railway Guerilla" set up in the winter of 1939.During the Anti-Japanese War, the"Railway Guerilla" forces fought against the enemy bravely. They attacked for-eign firms at nights, getting machine - guns from the running train, destroying railway, blowing up bridges, intercepting freight trains and so on. This area was the main battlefield during the Anti-Japanese War when Shandong people fought against the Japanese invaders. The courageous and patriotic spirits of the " Railway Guerilla" forcesare deep-rooted in every Chineses mind.
Based on Yantai, Weifang, Qingdao and Weihai cities,Shandong Peninsula Revolutionary Base Area is the main bat- tlefield during the Liberation War and also the main coastal area of patriotic tour. The tourism resources are mainly scat-tered in Pingdu, Laizhou, Haiyang,Zhaoyuan, Qixia, Laiy-ang, Wendeng, and Weicheng areas.
Centered on Binzhou, Dongying and Dezhou cities, the Bo Sea Revolutionary Base Area covers Kenli, Yangxin,Hnimin, Zouping, Boxing, Zhanhua, Leling and etc. This area had been one of the most important revolutionary base areas during the Anti-Japanese War, Liberation War and Land Revolution.
A Main Line
It is the transferring line of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route in Shandong. Since the March of 1939, the 115th Division had fought against the enemy troops for hundreds of times and their traces had coveted more than half area of Shandong province. From the southwest of Shandong and Hebei-Shandong borders to the Yimeng Revolutionary Base Area and back to the Coastal Base Area, the 115thDivi-sion had left plenty of revolutionary- relics and sites. This main line is one of the essential parts of the overall arrange-ment of Shandong Patriotic Tour. This main line connects" One Core" and"Four Regions"and forms a big"Shandong Patriotic Tourism Circle" in space.
Seven Refined Routes
The Conception Route of Shandong Patriotic Tour "Bei-jing-Jinan-Zaozhuang-Linyi-Qingdao-Shanghai";the Refined Route of Yimeng Mountain Patriotic Culture Tour"Jinan-Lalwu-Mengyin - Menglianggu - Yishui - Yinan - Feixian - Cangshan - Linshu -Junan - Linyi - Nanjing" ;Jiaodong Patriotic Culture Tour"Jinan - Zibo - Weifang -Pingdu - Laizhou - Zhaoyuan - Qixia - Laiyang - Haiyang -Qingdao" ; the Hometown of the Railway GuerillasTour "Ji-nan - Taian - Jining - Qufu - Zoucheng - Weishan Lake -Tengzhou - Zaozhuang - Xuzhou" ; the Southwest of Shan-dong and Hebei -Shandong Borders Patriotic Culture TourJinan - Dezhou - Liancheng - Jiaxiang - Jinxiang - Liangs-han - Yuncheng - Juye - Dingtao - Heze - Shangqiu"; theRefined Route of the old Revolutionary Base Area of Bo Sea"Jinan - Huimin - Binzhou - Dongying - Kenli - Zhanhua -Wudi - Yangxin - Leling - Ningjin - Dezhou".
Key Words: patriotic tour; revolutionary base area; pa-triotism.
The Significance of Developing Patriotic Tour.
Patriotic tour is based on the revolutionary history, he-roic deeds and patriotic spirits. During the Anti-Japanese War and Liberation War times, under the leadership of Chi-nese Communist Party, there had been numerous Shandong revolutionary people who had scored great achievements. The revolutionary relics and the monumental sites act as the bear-er to accept and educate the visitors especially the young people. Developing patriotic tour plays an essential and pro-found role in strengthening the education of revolutionary tra- dition. It is significant to help Chinese people and young students to know more about the history of Chinese Commu-nist Party, the glorious historyof our hometown and to carryforward the fine tradition. It is also very helpful to develop the economy of the old revolutionary regions in a harmoniousway.
Developing patriotic tour is beneficial to carry out the patriotic educationof the new era. Patriotismis the glorious tradition of our nation and it is the great strength to motivate our society. Patriotism is the spiritual prop shared by all the Chinese people. It is the important element of the socialism spiritual civilization. Patriotic Tour can change the backward economic conditions of the old and remote revolutionary places. With the development of patriotic tour, the revalu-tionary base areas will benefit from both the cultural effectand economic effect. There will be more working opportuni-tiesand income for the local residents. The revolutionary rel-ics together with other tourism resources will be well devel-oped and preserved. Our provincial tourism resources will be boomed with the development of patriotic tour.
The Overall Arrangement of Patriotic Tour of Shandong.
Based on the history and resources of the revolutionary base areas, the overall arrangement of ShandongPatriotic Tour is"One Core; Four Regions; A Main Line and Seven Refined Routes".
One Core:
In the anti -Japanese war and liberation war, Linyi was an important base area and the capital of Shandang Liberation Zone. Many organs resided in Linyi, such as East China Bu-reau and Shandong Branch Bureau of CPC, the headquarters of New No. 4 Army and No. 1 Branch of Anit-Japanese Military University, etc.. Many proletarian revolutionists,such as Liu Shaoqi, Xu Xiangqian, Luo Ronghuan, Chen Yi, Su Yu and Luo Binghui, lived and righted here. Centered on Linyi, Yimeng Mountain Revolutionary Base area is the centre of Shandong Patriotic Tour. It covers Linyi, Laiwu,Zibo, Weifang and some other cities. Linyi is one of the 18 national evolutionary base areas, and under the jurisdiction of Linyi city, Lanshan, Hedong, Mengyin, Yishui, Yinan,Feixian, Junan, Linshu and Cangshan counties are all the first-class revolutionarybases of Shaudong. This area is the bearer of Yimeng revulutionary spirits, the focus and the rep-resentative of Shandong Patriotic Tour System. Being part of the revolutionary base area, Yishan of Weifang city and Yiyuan of Zibo city are also rich in the cultural resources of patriotic tour. With the famous Laiwu Battle, Laiwu is also on of the important places of Yimeng Mountain Revolutionary Base Area.
Four Regions:
Along the borders of Hebei, Henan and Shandong prov-inces, the west Shandong Revolutionary Base Area is cen-tered on Heze city. It is one of the essential places of Shan-dong Patriotic Tour. It covers Heze, Jiuing and Liaocheng cities. This area is the typical revolutionarybase area of Shandong. Yuncheng, Dingtao and Juye counties of Heze city, Jinxiang. Qufu, Liaocheng and Jiaxiang of Jining city are all the main areas of patriotic tour.
Railway Guerilla Hometownis centered on Jining and zaozhuang cities. It covers Zaozhuang, Xuecheng, Yanzhou,Zoucheng and Weishan Lake area. Zaozhuang is the home-town of the "Railway Guerilla" set up in the winter of 1939.During the Anti-Japanese War, the"Railway Guerilla" forces fought against the enemy bravely. They attacked for-eign firms at nights, getting machine - guns from the running train, destroying railway, blowing up bridges, intercepting freight trains and so on. This area was the main battlefield during the Anti-Japanese War when Shandong people fought against the Japanese invaders. The courageous and patriotic spirits of the " Railway Guerilla" forcesare deep-rooted in every Chineses mind.
Based on Yantai, Weifang, Qingdao and Weihai cities,Shandong Peninsula Revolutionary Base Area is the main bat- tlefield during the Liberation War and also the main coastal area of patriotic tour. The tourism resources are mainly scat-tered in Pingdu, Laizhou, Haiyang,Zhaoyuan, Qixia, Laiy-ang, Wendeng, and Weicheng areas.
Centered on Binzhou, Dongying and Dezhou cities, the Bo Sea Revolutionary Base Area covers Kenli, Yangxin,Hnimin, Zouping, Boxing, Zhanhua, Leling and etc. This area had been one of the most important revolutionary base areas during the Anti-Japanese War, Liberation War and Land Revolution.
A Main Line
It is the transferring line of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route in Shandong. Since the March of 1939, the 115th Division had fought against the enemy troops for hundreds of times and their traces had coveted more than half area of Shandong province. From the southwest of Shandong and Hebei-Shandong borders to the Yimeng Revolutionary Base Area and back to the Coastal Base Area, the 115thDivi-sion had left plenty of revolutionary- relics and sites. This main line is one of the essential parts of the overall arrange-ment of Shandong Patriotic Tour. This main line connects" One Core" and"Four Regions"and forms a big"Shandong Patriotic Tourism Circle" in space.
Seven Refined Routes
The Conception Route of Shandong Patriotic Tour "Bei-jing-Jinan-Zaozhuang-Linyi-Qingdao-Shanghai";the Refined Route of Yimeng Mountain Patriotic Culture Tour"Jinan-Lalwu-Mengyin - Menglianggu - Yishui - Yinan - Feixian - Cangshan - Linshu -Junan - Linyi - Nanjing" ;Jiaodong Patriotic Culture Tour"Jinan - Zibo - Weifang -Pingdu - Laizhou - Zhaoyuan - Qixia - Laiyang - Haiyang -Qingdao" ; the Hometown of the Railway GuerillasTour "Ji-nan - Taian - Jining - Qufu - Zoucheng - Weishan Lake -Tengzhou - Zaozhuang - Xuzhou" ; the Southwest of Shan-dong and Hebei -Shandong Borders Patriotic Culture TourJinan - Dezhou - Liancheng - Jiaxiang - Jinxiang - Liangs-han - Yuncheng - Juye - Dingtao - Heze - Shangqiu"; theRefined Route of the old Revolutionary Base Area of Bo Sea"Jinan - Huimin - Binzhou - Dongying - Kenli - Zhanhua -Wudi - Yangxin - Leling - Ningjin - Dezhou".