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为进一步了解土壤动物对高寒森林凋落物分解的影响,于2011年11月至2012年10月在凋落物分解的不同时期即冻结前期、冻结期、融化期、生长季节初期、生长季节中期以及生长季节末期,采用凋落物分解袋法,研究了川西亚高山/高山森林代表性物种康定柳(Salix paraplesia)、方枝柏(Sabina saltuaria)、红桦(Betula albosinensis)和岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)凋落物中土壤动物的群落结构及其多样性动态.结果显示:(1)共捕获土壤动物7 082只,隶属2门9纲15目57科(类),不同物种凋落物中土壤动物捕获量差异显著,依次为岷江冷杉(36.01%)>红桦(29.19%)>康定柳(19.59%)>方枝柏(15.21%).(2)冻融季节土壤动物捕获量显著小于生长季节,但仍占到总捕获量的17.69%.(3)凋落物分解的不同时期,土壤动物优势类群差异显著,但主要以弹尾目和甲螨亚目为主.(4)土壤动物功能类群以菌食性(64.17%)最多,其次是捕食性(23.89%),植食性(8.94%)次之,腐食性(3.00%)最少.(5)土壤动物多样性受温、湿度影响显著,其Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与水热条件变化趋于一致.这些结果表明凋落物质量及水热条件综合作用于川西亚高山/高山森林凋落物分解过程中土壤动物群落结构及其多样性.
In order to understand the effect of soil fauna on litter decomposition in alpine forests, soil samples were collected from November 2011 to October 2012 at different periods of litter decomposition, ie, pre-freezing, freezing, thawing, early growing season, mid-season, At the end of the seasons, the litter decomposition bag method was used to study the litterfalls of Salix paraplesia, Sabina saltuaria, Betula albosinensis and Abies faxoniana in the sub-alpine / The results showed that: (1) A total of 7 082 soil animal species were captured, belonging to 2 classes, 9 classes, 15 orders, 57 families (classes), and the differences in the amount of soil animal caught in litter of different species (36.01%)> Betula platyphylla (29.19%)> Kangdingliu (19.59%)> Zijinbai (15.21%). (2) The amount of soil animal caught in the freezing and thawing season was significantly less than that of the growing season, Accounting for 17.69% of the total catch. (3) At different stages of litter decomposition, the predominant species of soil fauna were significantly different, 64.17%), followed by predators (23.8%) (9%), followed by herbivores (8.94%) and the least (3.00%). (5) The diversity of soil fauna was significantly affected by temperature and humidity. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was consistent with that of hydrothermal conditions These results indicate that litter quality and hydrothermal conditions have a combined effect on soil animal community structure and its diversity during litter decomposition in subalpine / alpine forest in western Sichuan.