Background: Intraperitoneal lymphangioma (IL) used to be thought of as a benign lymphatic malformation with a low rate of preoperative diagnosis.This retrospective study aimed to explore the connection between the cysts and clinical manifestation and imaging characteristics,and to study diagnostic confusion, therapeutic principles and potential recurrent reasons, to further enhance the comprehension of this rare disease.Methods: Here, we retrospectively reviewed 21 patients diagnosed with IL.Age, sex, complaints, physical findings, and imaging features of each patient were documented.The therapies, postoperative complications and treatments were discussed.Results: Symptomatology included eight patients (38％) with intermittent dull pain in the abdomen, and three patients (14％) complained of abdominal persistent pain.The physical examination revealed an abdominal mass in 16 patients (76％), and eight (38％) were reported no discomfort.IL was correctly established preoperatively in 19 patients (90％).Patients were treated using laparotomy, except one who was treated with laparoscopy.Two recurrences were noted during follow-up.Conclusions: IL should be suspected in any patient with a mobile abdominal mass and surgery is required immediately after discovery of the tumor.