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腰椎斜外侧椎间融合术（oblique lateral interbody fusion, OLIF）是目前国际热门的腰椎微创融合技术，已成为腰椎椎间融合的一个重要术式。2014年OLIF技术引入中国大陆，初期发展并不顺利，存在学习曲线陡峭、早期并发症多、显露技术难以掌握等缺陷。因此国内学者进行了改良，设计OLIF专用显露拉钩，提出直视下的腰大肌前下方显露技术，使得OLIF显露技术变得简单、安全，并在国内被广泛推广和应用。在技术培训、手术演示、论文发表等推动下，OLIF技术开始在国内落地生根、蓬勃发展；截止目前，国内仅美敦力OLIF25的手术量已达6 000余例，国内学者在国际期刊上发表OLIF相关论文达30余篇。但OLIF技术的规范应用、符合国人解剖学特点的相应OLIF器械研发、多中心大样本的随机对照研究等，仍需国内专家一同努力，打造出具有中国特色的OLIF技术之路。“,”Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a popular minimally invasive lumbar fusion technique in the world, which has become an important technique for lumbar interbody fusion. In 2014, OLIF was firstly introduced into the mainland of China, however, due to some defects of OLIF technique, such as steep learning curve, high rates of early complications, and difficult surgical exposure approach, the initial development of OLIF in China was not smooth. In order to make OLIF simpler and safer, the domestic scholars designed special exposure retractors for OLIF, and put forward a new technique for OLIF, called anteroin-ferior psoas exposure technique under direct vision. Driven by the OLIF technique trainings, live operation demonstrations, and literature publications, et al., the OLIF technique begun to settle down and flourish in China. Up to now, the number of surgical cases of Medtronic OLIF25 has reached more than 6 000, and the domestic scholars have published more than 30 OLIF papers in the international journals. However, our domestic spine surgeons still need to pay attention to the standardized application of OLIF, appropriate OLIF devices according to the Chinese anatomical characteristics, and the multicenter randomized controlled study of large samples, et al.