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永济渠是隋唐时期北方地区一条重要的人工运河,对古代北方地区水运交通有着极为深远的影响。但有关其渠首段经流问题,至今仍存歧见。本文在野外考察的基础上,通过对史料及考古资料的梳理与分析,探讨了永济渠最初开凿时渠首段的具体位置及变迁过程,结果表明:1永济渠初开时,渠首段经流今河南省焦作市武陟县东北,具体流路自黄河入沁水,溯沁水西行,于白马沟村分沁水北行,至南石涧村折而东行,经北霍村、纪孟村、马范桥村、后董村、郇封村、纸坊村,于碑桥村附近入吴泽陂,经光沟水于合河镇入清水,东南接白沟;2渠首段运道因向西绕行过远,前后只经流了十数年,便于唐初弃用,并将运道起点改至淇门;3唐宋时期,为避开黄河对漕运的影响,政府采用广建漕仓、调节漕运等措施,推行水陆联运,以确保漕运的顺达。
Yongji canal is an important artificial canal in the northern area of Sui and Tang dynasties, which has a profound and far-reaching impact on the water transport in ancient northern China. However, there are still differences on the passage of the canal section. Based on the field investigation, this paper explores the specific location and the changing process of the first section of the Yongji canal during the initial excavation based on the analysis of the historical data and archaeological data. The results show that: Duan Jing Liu Wu Juxian County, Henan Province, northeast of the specific flow path from the Yellow River into Qinshui, upstream Qinshui westbound in Baimagou sub-Qinshui northbound to the south Shijian village fold eastbound by the North Huo Village, Ji Meng Village, Ma Fanqiao Village, Hou Dongcun, Yu Feng Village, Paper Village, near the village of Shiqiao into Wuzhuo, by the light of water in Hehe town into the water, southeast then Baigou; The first section of the road due to travel too far west, before and after only flow for decades, easy to discard the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, and the beginning of the road to Qi door; 3 Tang and Song Dynasties, in order to avoid the Yellow River on the water transport, the government The use of Guangcang Caojing, regulating water transport and other measures, the implementation of land and sea transport, in order to ensure the water transport Shunda.