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肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS)是一种影响神经肌肉系统的神经退行性疾病,主要临床表现为运动神经元功能紊乱、进行性瘫痪和死亡。尽管已经使用了一些方法治疗ALS,但是很少成功。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell,MSC)长期以来被认为是再生细胞治疗的有效工具,很容易从健康捐赠者和患者组织中获得,并且不存在伦理学争议。MSC具有分化为多种细胞类型的能力,并具有免疫调节、组织修复、释放营养因子、分泌外泌体和有效的归巢等潜能,能够成为克服治疗难题的有前途的工具。本文将就MSCs在ALS患者中的治疗潜能及作用机制进行综述。
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the neuromuscular system. The main clinical manifestations are motor neuron dysfunction, progressive paralysis and death. Although some methods have been used to treat ALS, few have been successful. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have long been considered as effective tools for the treatment of regenerative cells and are easily obtained from healthy donors and patient tissues without ethical controversy. The ability of MSCs to differentiate into a wide variety of cell types with the potential to immunomodulate, repair tissue, release trophic factors, excrete secretions, and effective homing can be a promising tool to overcome therapeutic challenges. This article reviews the therapeutic potential and mechanism of MSCs in patients with ALS.