选用5个籼稻和6个广亲和粳稻品种,按5×6不完全双列杂交配制30个组合,计算杂种F1抽穗期杂种优势;并采用113个RFLP标记,检测11个亲本间的RFLP多态性,计算籼粳亚种间F1的基因型杂合度,分析杂种F1的抽穗期及其杂种优势与基因型杂合度的关系。试验结果表明,水稻籼粳亚种间F1的抽穗期呈负向优势,F1的抽穗期及其杂种优势与基因型的杂合度呈负相关。 Five combinations of indica rice and six wide compatibility japonica rice varieties were used to prepare 30 combinations based on incomplete crosses of 5 × 6 to calculate the heterosis of heading date of hybrid F1. The RFLP markers of 11 parents were detected by using 113 RFLP markers The heterozygosity of F1 genotype in indica and japonica subspecies was calculated. The relationship between heading date, heterosis and heterozygosity of genotypes was analyzed. The results showed that the heading date of indica-japonica subspecies F1 was negatively correlated with heading date, and the heading date of F1 and its heterosis were negatively correlated with the heterozygosity of genotypes.