我们以 1997年 3月广东省广宁县在参加全国糖尿病流行病学调查 (简称流调 )时现场和实验室血糖测定的质控为实例 ,进行详细的介绍。对象与方法一、对象对象来源于作为广东省贫困地区的广宁县 ,包括城镇和乡村 ,随机抽查 16 6 7例年龄在 2 0～ 74岁的常住 (5年及 5年以上 )居民的流调血糖测定结果。二、方法1.人员的培训和技术考核 :首先成立调查小组 ,选定已通过国家有关部门技术质量认证的实验室作为流调血糖测定的实验室 ,然后办培训班 ,并对参加测定血糖的技术人员进行考核。考核方法 :调查组向参加血糖测定的实验室发出质控血清 ,要求测定 3次 ,取均值 ,然后将结果寄回调查组。调查组采用偏离指数 DI法进行评分 :DI=X- XX × 1 0 0 %5% =X- XX × 2 0DI为偏离指数 ,X为实验室测定血糖均值 ,X 为血糖质控血清靶值 ,5 %为偏离率 (常数 )。 DI<0 .5为优秀 ,DI=0 .5～0 .99为良好 ,DI=1.0～ 1.6为及格 ,DI>1.6为不及格。要求实验室 DI值须达到及格以上 ,方能参加本次的流调 [1 ]。2 .血糖测定方法 :血糖测定用氟化钠抗凝葡萄糖氧化酶法 ,采用北京中生生物工程高技术公司出品试剂、标准物、质控血清 ,HITACHI70 6 0型全自动生化分析仪测定血糖。3.标本的采集 :做好组织工作 ,调查者抽血前 8～ In March 1997, Guangning County, Guangdong Province, participated in the national epidemiological survey of diabetes mellitus (referred to as flow control) when the site and laboratory blood glucose measurement quality control as an example, a detailed introduction. Subjects and Methods I. Target Population From Quang Ninh County as a poor area in Guangdong Province, including urban and rural areas, 1667 random residents (aged 5 years and above) aged 20 to 74 years Blood glucose measurement results. Second, the method 1. Personnel training and technical evaluation: First, the establishment of the investigation team, selected by the relevant state departments of the technical quality of the laboratory as the flow of blood glucose measurement laboratory, and then do training courses, and to participate in the determination of blood sugar Technical staff assessment. Assessment methods: Investigation team to participate in the blood glucose control laboratory quality control, requiring determination of 3 times, take the average, and then send the results back to the investigation group. The investigation group used the deviation index DI method to score: DI = X-X X X X X X 100 X% X X X X X X X X 0 0 D 0 is the deviation index, X is the mean blood glucose measured by laboratory, Blood glucose control serum target, 5% deviation rate (constant). DI <0 .5 is excellent, DI = 0 .5 ~ 0. 99 is good, DI = 1.0 ~ 1.6 for the pass, DI> 1.6 for the failure. Laboratory DI values ​​required to meet the above criteria before they can participate in this flow adjustment [1]. Blood glucose determination method: Blood glucose determination using sodium fluoride anticoagulant glucose oxidase method, the Beijing Zhongsheng bioengineering high-tech companies produced reagents, standards, quality control serum, HITACHI706 automatic biochemical analyzer blood glucose. 3. Specimen collection: do a good job of tissue work, investigators before the blood 8 ~