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目的通过对1例人感染H7N9禽流感病例的调查分析,为以后防控工作提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法,调查病例的发病就诊经过、可能的暴露来源,医学观察密切接触者及对流感样病例进行强化监测,采集病例鼻咽拭子标本,暴露环境标本进行RT-PCR流感核酸检测。结果病例确诊为人感染H7N9禽流感,经治疗后连续两次核酸检测阴性,痊愈出院。患者有明确的暴露史,医学观察密切接触者39人,流感样病例强化监测22人均未发现H7N9核酸阳性病例。病例暴露农贸市场环境标本,检出5份H7N9核酸阳性标本,农贸市场活禽来源于外省疫区。结论活禽市场暴露是人感染H7N9禽流感病毒的主要因素,未发现人传人病例。
Objective To investigate and analyze a case of human H7N9 bird flu and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control work. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to investigate the incidence of the cases, probable source of exposure, close contacts of medical observation and intensive surveillance of influenza-like cases. Samples of nasopharyngeal swabs were collected and exposed to environmental samples for RT-PCR. Nucleic acid test. Results The case was confirmed as human being infected with H7N9 bird flu. After treatment for two consecutive times, the nucleic acid test was negative and he was discharged. Patients had a clear history of exposure, medical observation of close contact with 39 people, influenza-like cases of intensive surveillance 22 were found no H7N9 nucleic acid positive cases. Cases exposed farmer’s market environment specimens, detected 5 copies of H7N9 nucleic acid positive samples, farmers market live poultry from other provinces infected area. Conclusion Live poultry market exposure is the main factor of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza virus. No human-transmitted cases were found.