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【目的】成龄香梨果园间作牧草,研究饲草间作对果园土壤理化性状以及小环境的影响,以期为果园间作牧草生产的进一步推广应用提供基础数据。【方法】采用田间取样与室内分析相结合的方法,测定土壤有机质及土壤理化性状,地温、空气温湿度,并与清耕区进行对照分析。【结果】香梨果园间作牧草后土壤全量养分发生变化,0~60 cm土层土壤有机质含量得到有效提高,表现为草木樨>一年生黑麦草>小麦>清耕;0~30 cm土层全氮含量草木樨最高,随着土壤深度的增加,下降幅度变小,差异不显著;种草区土壤全磷含量高于对照,但全钾含量差异不明显;与清耕区相比,生草区地温与空气温度降低,而且日变化相对平缓;牧草间作能有效提高香梨果园相对湿度。【结论】牧草间作不仅能提高香梨果园土壤有机质,还能改善果园生态小环境。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to study the effects of forage intercropping on the physical and chemical properties and the environment of the orchard so as to provide the basic data for the further popularization and application of forage grasses in the orchard. 【Method】 The soil organic matter and soil physical and chemical properties, soil temperature and air temperature and humidity were determined by field sampling and indoor analysis. 【Result】 The results showed that soil organic matter content of 0-60 cm soil layer increased evidently in the fragrant pear orchard. The soil organic matter content of 0-60 cm soil layer increased effectively. The results showed that the annual soil ryegrass> annual ryegrass> wheat> tillage; 0 ~ 30 cm soil total nitrogen The contents of total phosphorus were the highest, with the increase of soil depth, the decrease range was smaller and the difference was not significant. The content of total phosphorus in the soil was higher than that of the control, but the content of total potassium was not obvious. Compared with the clear farming, Ground temperature and air temperature decreased, and the daily change is relatively gentle; intercropping grass can effectively improve the pear orchard relative humidity. 【Conclusion】 Herbaceous intercropping can not only improve soil organic matter in fragrant pear orchard, but also improve ecological environment of orchard.