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初学医古文,最令人头痛的是虚词,有时一个词有好几种词性,好几个解释,记也记不住,叫人觉得眼花缭乱。后来,我把学过的虚词进行归类对比,例如把代词、副词列出分类表,表分“类例”、“词例”、“对译”各栏。经过这一整理,乱麻般的虚词便理出个头绪来,也增强了学习兴趣。比方“者”字,我发现它总是跟在别的词的后面,要掌握它,关键是辨认和它结合的是些什么词,然后再来分辨它的不同对译法。如:
Beginning ancient medical text, the most troubling is the function words, and sometimes a word has several kinds of parts of speech, several explanations, can not remember, people feel dazzling. Later, I classify the learned function words. For example, pronouns and adverbs are listed in the classification table, and the tables are divided into columns, class examples, word examples, and translation pairs. After this arrangement, messy words will come up with a clue, but also enhance the interest in learning. For example “ ” word, I found it always followed by other words, to grasp it, the key is to identify what it is combined with words, and then to distinguish between its different pairs of translation. Such as: