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一、重点单词
1. achieve
【考纲释义】 v. 完成;获得;达到目标
【备考实例】 Since then many Chinese
movies have won various awards. Meanwhile, movies made in Taiwan and Hong Kong have _______international fame.
A. accepted B. created
C. achieved D. developed
【考点解析】 句意“从那时起,很多中国电影获得各种奖项。同时,在台湾和香港拍摄的电影也获得了国际声誉。”答案为C。achieve意为“获得”, accept“接受”,create“创造”,develop“形成;发展”。
【知识拓展】 achieve success获得成功achieve one’s aim实现自己的目标 achievementn. 成就;完成
2. arrange
【考纲释义】 vt. 安排;筹划;整理;布置
【备考实例】
— I hear that you will be on travel again.
— Yeah. My boss_______for me to discuss business details with someonefrom another country.
A. asked B. arranged
C. sent D. called
【考点解析】句意“‘我听说你又要出差了。’‘是的。老板安排我去和某个外国人讨论生意细节。’”考查搭配arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人去做某事。答案为B。
【知识拓展】 arrange to do sth.安排做某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人去做某事arrange sth. for 为……安排arrange that sb. (should) do安排某人做
3. grasp
【考纲释义】 vt. & n. 抓住, 抓紧, 掌握, 领会
【备考实例】 The student couldn’t_____what the teacher was trying to explain.
A. recognize B. grasp
C. study D. achieve
【考点解析】句意“这个学生不能领会老师正在尽力解释的东西。” recognize辨认出;grasp抓住,领会; study研究;achieve达到,取得。答案为B。
【知识拓展】 beyond one’s grasp力量达不到 within one’s grasp 力量达得到
have a good grasp of深刻了解in the grasp of 在……掌握中keep a firm grasp on 抓紧 grasp sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊
4. apply
【考纲释义】 vt. 应用;运用vi. 申请;请求
【备考实例】 Many_______the position, but only a few were employed.
A. applied to B. applied for
C. sent in D. sent to
【考点解析】句意“很多人申请这个职位,但只有几个被录用。”答案为B。apply for意为“申请”,apply sth. to“把某物应用于……”。
【知识拓展】 appliedadj. 应用的;实用的 apply for申请apply oneself to 致力于apply to do sth. 申请去做某事apply sth to把某物应用于……
5. likely
【考纲释义】 adj.有可能的
【备考实例】
—Have you made up your mind to pay a visit to that famous zoo this week?
— No, it is_______that I’ll not visit itthis week. It depends on the weather.
A. certain B. likely
C. sure D. impossible
【考点解析】答案为B。由No和It depends on the weather.之间的逻辑性可以推出答话者既不是本周肯定去那个著名动物园,也不是不可能去,而是有可能不去,因此该空应填likely。
6. hesitate
【考纲释义】 vi. 踌躇;犹豫
【备考实例】 Please do not _______ to contact me if you have any question. I’m always ready to help you.
A. fail B. disturb
C. hesitate D. appreciate
【考点解析】 句意“如果你有什么问题,请联系我不要犹豫。我会时刻准备帮助你。”hesitate to do sth. 意为“迟疑于做某事”。答案为C。
【知识拓展】 hesitation n. 犹豫;迟疑 hesitate about / over…对……犹豫不决;对……拿不定主意 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事;迟疑于做某事 without hesitation毫不犹豫have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
7. support
【考纲释义】 vt. 支持;承受;供养 n. 支持;支援
【备考实例】 To his great surprise, somany people are _______ support of him.
A. to B. at C. on D. in
【考点解析】 句意“令他惊讶的是,有这么多的人在支持他。”答案为D。in support of sb. 意为“支持某人”。
【知识拓展】 support sb. in sth 在某方面给某人以支持in support of sb. 支持某人
8. achieve
【考纲释义】 vt. 完成;达到;实现;获得
【备考实例】 Lucy has_______ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.
A. acquired B. finished
C. concluded D. achieved
【考点解析】句意“露茜已经实现了她在高中为自己制定的目标,现在正准备迎接大学里的挑战。”achieve one’s goal意为“实现目标”,答案为D。
【知识拓展】 achievementn. 完成;成就achieve one’s goal实现目标
二、重点短语
1. set foot in / on进入;踏上
I left him, determined never to set foot in that house again. 我离开了他,决心再也不进那个房子了。
When the scene on the ground gradually became clear, I knew I would to set foot on this beautiful southeast city at once. 当地面上的景物渐渐变得清晰,我便知道我的足迹即将踏上东南沿海这座美丽的小城。
2. in store 准备着,备将来之用;就要到来的,必将发生的
If we accept change and appreciate what is new and different, we will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store. 如果我们学会接受变化,学会欣赏新的、不同的事物,我们就能够有准备地迎接未来带给我们的一切。
John has a surprise in store for him when he gets home tonight! 约翰今晚回到家时有一个意外的惊喜在等着他。
3. put forward提出;推荐
They put forward some new ideas on the subject. 他们对这个问题提出了一些新的见解。
An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been put forward. 有人已经提出一项测定火星周围大气层的饶有趣味的建议。
【知识拓展】put aside储存,保留 put down记下,放下;镇压,评定 put off推迟put on上演;(体重)增加;穿上,戴上put out熄灭;关(灯);生产;出版;公布put up 建造,搭起;张贴;提(价);提供食宿
4. turn out原来(情况)是;结果是
They were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.他们惊奇地发现那位女神原来是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。
Even the best theory can turn out to be wrong. 即便是最好的理论,都有可能被证明是错误的。
【知识拓展】 turn down拒绝;关小,调低 turn to 变成;求助于 turn up开大,调大;出现
5. set out 动身;出发;陈述
He has set out to establish his own business. 他已经开始着手创建自己的公司。
They have to set out before dawn, and come back home after dark. 他们早晨天还没有亮就出门,晚上天很黑时才回到家。
The boy set out his ideas in simple English.这男孩用简单的英语陈述他的观点。
【知识拓展】 set out to do sth. 着手做某事set about 着手做;开始做 set off 出发;动身 set up 建造;竖起;创办set back 倒退;受挫折set down 放下;记下set aside搁置;把……置于一旁;忽视
6. throw light on / upon 阐明某事;使某事显得非常清晰
I do not know why they come up with this point, but do you think we can really throw light upon it? 我不知道为什么有人会想出这种问题,你觉得你能真正分清楚吗?
The president promised to throw light on his new fiscal policies. 总统答应对他的新财务政策作说明。
【知识拓展】 throw away 扔掉throw about乱丢;乱扔throw up 呕吐throw oneself into sth.热心做某事;积极投身于throw cold water on 泼冷水;打击……热情
三、重点句型解析
1. whatever引导让步状语从句
【课文原句】 Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing.
【经典考例】_______difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one another to overcome them.
A. Wherever B. Whatever
C. HoweverD. Whenever
【考点解析】句意“不管我们会遇到什么困难,我们都将互相帮助去克服它们。”答案为B。whatever引导让步状语从句,意为“不管什么,无论什么”,类似的可以引导让步状语从句的连词还有whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however等。这样的让步状语从句在意义上相当于“no matter + wh-词”引导的让步状语从句。
2. get型的被动语态
【课文原句】 The science centre got started in the early 1980s, when Chen Chunxian, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, opened a private research and development institute.
get started 为系表结构,用过去分词作表语。类似的表达结构还有:get paid; get married; get changed; get dressed; get burnt; get separated。
【经典考例】 Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to _______ before the party.(NMET 2004)
A. get changed B. get change
C. get changing D. get to change
【考点解析】 答案为A。get后接过去分词,表示被动,get changed意为“换衣服”。句意“萨拉,快点吧!恐怕在宴会前你没有时间换衣服了。”常见类似表达有get hurt,get killed,get lost,get trapped等。
3. 抽象名词具体化
【课文原句】…but they all share the spirit of creativity and scientific skill that have made Zhongguancun a success.
【经典考例】 As a writer, he was _______ failure. But he was _______ success in business.
A. a; aB. the; theC. the; a D. a; the
【考点解析】 success; failure; surprise;
pleasure; pity等抽象名词一般为不可数名词,但当表示具体的一件事或一个人时,也可作为可数名词使用。句意“作为一位作家,他是一个失败的人。但在生意上他是一位成功人士。”failure在表示“失败的人或事”时是可数名词,其前可a修饰,表示“一个失败的人或一件失败的事情”。答案为A。
4. it用作形式宾语
【课文原句】… makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.
【经典考例】 I don’t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
【考点解析】 不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作宾语时,如果后面带有宾语补足语,常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后面。答案为D。
5. 句型There was a time when…
【课文原句】 Do you think there’ll be a time when we can beat all diseases?
【经典考例】 There was _______ time
_______ I hated to go to school.(NMET 2004湖北)
A. a; that B. a; when
C. the; that D. the; when
【简析】 a time表示“一段时间,期间”,后常接when引导的定语从句。答案为B。
6. 分词作状语
【课文原句】 Dressed in diving suits, Captain Nemo and his guests walk around in this magic world, lighted by the lamps of the ship.
【经典考例】 _______ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.(2009 天津)
A. Being encouraged
B. Encouraging
C. Encouraged
D. Having encouraged
【考点解析】 过去分词作状语时,作用相当于一个状语从句。过去分词的逻辑主语应该和句子的主语是同一个人或物。过去分词可以在句子中作时间、条件、原因、让步、及伴随状语。答案为C。
7. 强调句型
【课文原句】 It was with this feelings that I began the creation of a human being.
【经典考例】 It was along the Mississippi River_______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. (NMET 2008天津)
A. howB. whichC. that D. where
【考点解析】 当强调句子的某一部分(一般是主语,宾语,状语等)时,用It is (was) + 被强调部分 + that + 句子的其它部分。答案为C。为强调句,本题强调状语“along the Mississippi River”,还原后应为“Mark Twain spent much for his childhood along the Mississippi River.”故正确答案为C。
1. achieve
【考纲释义】 v. 完成;获得;达到目标
【备考实例】 Since then many Chinese
movies have won various awards. Meanwhile, movies made in Taiwan and Hong Kong have _______international fame.
A. accepted B. created
C. achieved D. developed
【考点解析】 句意“从那时起,很多中国电影获得各种奖项。同时,在台湾和香港拍摄的电影也获得了国际声誉。”答案为C。achieve意为“获得”, accept“接受”,create“创造”,develop“形成;发展”。
【知识拓展】 achieve success获得成功achieve one’s aim实现自己的目标 achievementn. 成就;完成
2. arrange
【考纲释义】 vt. 安排;筹划;整理;布置
【备考实例】
— I hear that you will be on travel again.
— Yeah. My boss_______for me to discuss business details with someonefrom another country.
A. asked B. arranged
C. sent D. called
【考点解析】句意“‘我听说你又要出差了。’‘是的。老板安排我去和某个外国人讨论生意细节。’”考查搭配arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人去做某事。答案为B。
【知识拓展】 arrange to do sth.安排做某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人去做某事arrange sth. for 为……安排arrange that sb. (should) do安排某人做
3. grasp
【考纲释义】 vt. & n. 抓住, 抓紧, 掌握, 领会
【备考实例】 The student couldn’t_____what the teacher was trying to explain.
A. recognize B. grasp
C. study D. achieve
【考点解析】句意“这个学生不能领会老师正在尽力解释的东西。” recognize辨认出;grasp抓住,领会; study研究;achieve达到,取得。答案为B。
【知识拓展】 beyond one’s grasp力量达不到 within one’s grasp 力量达得到
have a good grasp of深刻了解in the grasp of 在……掌握中keep a firm grasp on 抓紧 grasp sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊
4. apply
【考纲释义】 vt. 应用;运用vi. 申请;请求
【备考实例】 Many_______the position, but only a few were employed.
A. applied to B. applied for
C. sent in D. sent to
【考点解析】句意“很多人申请这个职位,但只有几个被录用。”答案为B。apply for意为“申请”,apply sth. to“把某物应用于……”。
【知识拓展】 appliedadj. 应用的;实用的 apply for申请apply oneself to 致力于apply to do sth. 申请去做某事apply sth to把某物应用于……
5. likely
【考纲释义】 adj.有可能的
【备考实例】
—Have you made up your mind to pay a visit to that famous zoo this week?
— No, it is_______that I’ll not visit itthis week. It depends on the weather.
A. certain B. likely
C. sure D. impossible
【考点解析】答案为B。由No和It depends on the weather.之间的逻辑性可以推出答话者既不是本周肯定去那个著名动物园,也不是不可能去,而是有可能不去,因此该空应填likely。
6. hesitate
【考纲释义】 vi. 踌躇;犹豫
【备考实例】 Please do not _______ to contact me if you have any question. I’m always ready to help you.
A. fail B. disturb
C. hesitate D. appreciate
【考点解析】 句意“如果你有什么问题,请联系我不要犹豫。我会时刻准备帮助你。”hesitate to do sth. 意为“迟疑于做某事”。答案为C。
【知识拓展】 hesitation n. 犹豫;迟疑 hesitate about / over…对……犹豫不决;对……拿不定主意 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事;迟疑于做某事 without hesitation毫不犹豫have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
7. support
【考纲释义】 vt. 支持;承受;供养 n. 支持;支援
【备考实例】 To his great surprise, somany people are _______ support of him.
A. to B. at C. on D. in
【考点解析】 句意“令他惊讶的是,有这么多的人在支持他。”答案为D。in support of sb. 意为“支持某人”。
【知识拓展】 support sb. in sth 在某方面给某人以支持in support of sb. 支持某人
8. achieve
【考纲释义】 vt. 完成;达到;实现;获得
【备考实例】 Lucy has_______ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.
A. acquired B. finished
C. concluded D. achieved
【考点解析】句意“露茜已经实现了她在高中为自己制定的目标,现在正准备迎接大学里的挑战。”achieve one’s goal意为“实现目标”,答案为D。
【知识拓展】 achievementn. 完成;成就achieve one’s goal实现目标
二、重点短语
1. set foot in / on进入;踏上
I left him, determined never to set foot in that house again. 我离开了他,决心再也不进那个房子了。
When the scene on the ground gradually became clear, I knew I would to set foot on this beautiful southeast city at once. 当地面上的景物渐渐变得清晰,我便知道我的足迹即将踏上东南沿海这座美丽的小城。
2. in store 准备着,备将来之用;就要到来的,必将发生的
If we accept change and appreciate what is new and different, we will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store. 如果我们学会接受变化,学会欣赏新的、不同的事物,我们就能够有准备地迎接未来带给我们的一切。
John has a surprise in store for him when he gets home tonight! 约翰今晚回到家时有一个意外的惊喜在等着他。
3. put forward提出;推荐
They put forward some new ideas on the subject. 他们对这个问题提出了一些新的见解。
An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been put forward. 有人已经提出一项测定火星周围大气层的饶有趣味的建议。
【知识拓展】put aside储存,保留 put down记下,放下;镇压,评定 put off推迟put on上演;(体重)增加;穿上,戴上put out熄灭;关(灯);生产;出版;公布put up 建造,搭起;张贴;提(价);提供食宿
4. turn out原来(情况)是;结果是
They were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.他们惊奇地发现那位女神原来是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。
Even the best theory can turn out to be wrong. 即便是最好的理论,都有可能被证明是错误的。
【知识拓展】 turn down拒绝;关小,调低 turn to 变成;求助于 turn up开大,调大;出现
5. set out 动身;出发;陈述
He has set out to establish his own business. 他已经开始着手创建自己的公司。
They have to set out before dawn, and come back home after dark. 他们早晨天还没有亮就出门,晚上天很黑时才回到家。
The boy set out his ideas in simple English.这男孩用简单的英语陈述他的观点。
【知识拓展】 set out to do sth. 着手做某事set about 着手做;开始做 set off 出发;动身 set up 建造;竖起;创办set back 倒退;受挫折set down 放下;记下set aside搁置;把……置于一旁;忽视
6. throw light on / upon 阐明某事;使某事显得非常清晰
I do not know why they come up with this point, but do you think we can really throw light upon it? 我不知道为什么有人会想出这种问题,你觉得你能真正分清楚吗?
The president promised to throw light on his new fiscal policies. 总统答应对他的新财务政策作说明。
【知识拓展】 throw away 扔掉throw about乱丢;乱扔throw up 呕吐throw oneself into sth.热心做某事;积极投身于throw cold water on 泼冷水;打击……热情
三、重点句型解析
1. whatever引导让步状语从句
【课文原句】 Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing.
【经典考例】_______difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one another to overcome them.
A. Wherever B. Whatever
C. HoweverD. Whenever
【考点解析】句意“不管我们会遇到什么困难,我们都将互相帮助去克服它们。”答案为B。whatever引导让步状语从句,意为“不管什么,无论什么”,类似的可以引导让步状语从句的连词还有whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however等。这样的让步状语从句在意义上相当于“no matter + wh-词”引导的让步状语从句。
2. get型的被动语态
【课文原句】 The science centre got started in the early 1980s, when Chen Chunxian, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, opened a private research and development institute.
get started 为系表结构,用过去分词作表语。类似的表达结构还有:get paid; get married; get changed; get dressed; get burnt; get separated。
【经典考例】 Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to _______ before the party.(NMET 2004)
A. get changed B. get change
C. get changing D. get to change
【考点解析】 答案为A。get后接过去分词,表示被动,get changed意为“换衣服”。句意“萨拉,快点吧!恐怕在宴会前你没有时间换衣服了。”常见类似表达有get hurt,get killed,get lost,get trapped等。
3. 抽象名词具体化
【课文原句】…but they all share the spirit of creativity and scientific skill that have made Zhongguancun a success.
【经典考例】 As a writer, he was _______ failure. But he was _______ success in business.
A. a; aB. the; theC. the; a D. a; the
【考点解析】 success; failure; surprise;
pleasure; pity等抽象名词一般为不可数名词,但当表示具体的一件事或一个人时,也可作为可数名词使用。句意“作为一位作家,他是一个失败的人。但在生意上他是一位成功人士。”failure在表示“失败的人或事”时是可数名词,其前可a修饰,表示“一个失败的人或一件失败的事情”。答案为A。
4. it用作形式宾语
【课文原句】… makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.
【经典考例】 I don’t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
【考点解析】 不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作宾语时,如果后面带有宾语补足语,常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后面。答案为D。
5. 句型There was a time when…
【课文原句】 Do you think there’ll be a time when we can beat all diseases?
【经典考例】 There was _______ time
_______ I hated to go to school.(NMET 2004湖北)
A. a; that B. a; when
C. the; that D. the; when
【简析】 a time表示“一段时间,期间”,后常接when引导的定语从句。答案为B。
6. 分词作状语
【课文原句】 Dressed in diving suits, Captain Nemo and his guests walk around in this magic world, lighted by the lamps of the ship.
【经典考例】 _______ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.(2009 天津)
A. Being encouraged
B. Encouraging
C. Encouraged
D. Having encouraged
【考点解析】 过去分词作状语时,作用相当于一个状语从句。过去分词的逻辑主语应该和句子的主语是同一个人或物。过去分词可以在句子中作时间、条件、原因、让步、及伴随状语。答案为C。
7. 强调句型
【课文原句】 It was with this feelings that I began the creation of a human being.
【经典考例】 It was along the Mississippi River_______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. (NMET 2008天津)
A. howB. whichC. that D. where
【考点解析】 当强调句子的某一部分(一般是主语,宾语,状语等)时,用It is (was) + 被强调部分 + that + 句子的其它部分。答案为C。为强调句,本题强调状语“along the Mississippi River”,还原后应为“Mark Twain spent much for his childhood along the Mississippi River.”故正确答案为C。