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为研究塔台管制员在不同工作负荷下注视转移模式的差异,构建了模拟塔台管制的眼动试验平台,根据航班流量密度设计简单和困难2组试验。利用NASA-TLX量表评价被试者在2组试验中的工作负荷,应用离散时间马尔科夫链(discrete time Markov chain,DTMC)计算被试者在兴趣区间的注视一步转移概率,利用SPSS软件分析2组试验中被试在各兴趣区组的注视一步转移概率差异性。结果发现:被试者的工作负荷随航班流量密度增大而增大。航班流量密度增大后,被试者在场面监视雷达区内的注视转移显著增加,由场面监视雷达区向空域监视雷达区和指令栏区的注视转移显著减少,在进程单区内的注视转移显著增加。管制员的注意力更容易向能获取更多信息的区域发生转移。
In order to study the difference of gaze control modes of tower controllers at different workloads, an eye movement test platform simulating tower control was constructed. Two sets of tests were designed according to the flow density of the flights. The NASA-TLX scale was used to evaluate the workload of the subjects in two groups of experiments. Discrete time-Markov chain (DTMC) was used to calculate the probability of one-step fixation of the subjects in the region of interest. SPSS software The difference of gaze probability of one step of gaze in each group of interest was analyzed in the two groups. The results showed that the workload of the subjects increased with the increase of flight flow density. After the flight traffic density increased, the fixation shift of the subjects in the surveillance radar area increased significantly, the fixation shift from the surveillance radar area to the airspace surveillance radar area and the instruction area decreased significantly, and the fixation shift in the process area A significant increase. Controller’s attention can be more easily diverted to areas where more information is available.