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目的了解杭州市江干区公共场所使用5年以上的集中空调通风系统卫生状况,提出改进建议。方法于2011—2013年开展定点调查和监测,分别依据卫生部《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》进行检测评价。项目为送风中细菌总数、真菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌和可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、风管内表面细菌总数、真菌总数和积尘量,冷凝水、冷却水中嗜肺军团菌。结果送风中细菌总数合格率为52.17%,真菌总数合格率为40.00%,β-溶血性链球菌合格率为99.13%;风管内表面细菌总数合格率为97.39%,真菌总数合格率为87.83%,积尘量合格率为97.39%;PM10合格率为52.17%;冷凝水、冷却水合格率分别为95.24%和30.43%。结论江干区公共场所使用超过5年的集中空调通风系统存在卫生隐患,应加强清洗、监测评价和监督管理。
Objective To understand the health status of central air conditioning and ventilation system used in public places in Jianggan District, Hangzhou for more than 5 years and put forward suggestions for improvement. Methods The targeted surveys and monitoring were carried out in 2011-2013, and were respectively tested and evaluated according to the “Hygienic Standard for Central Ventilation and Ventilation Systems in Public Places” and the “Hygiene Code for Central Ventilation and Ventilation Systems in Public Places” issued by the Ministry of Public Health. The total number of bacteria, the total number of fungi, β-hemolytic streptococcus and respirable particulate matter (PM10), the total number of bacteria on the inner surface of the duct, the total number of fungi and the amount of dust accumulated, condensate and Legionella pneumophila in the cooling water are the total number of bacteria in the blast air. Results The total number of bacteria in the blast air was 52.17%, the total number of fungi was 40.00%, the pass rate of β-hemolytic streptococcus was 99.13%. The total number of bacteria in the air duct was 97.39% and the total number of fungi was 87.83% , The passing rate of dust accumulation was 97.39%; the pass rate of PM10 was 52.17%; the pass rates of condensate and cooling water were 95.24% and 30.43% respectively. Conclusion The use of centralized air-conditioning and ventilation systems in public places in Jianggan District for more than 5 years poses a health hazard. Cleaning, monitoring, evaluation and supervision should be strengthened.