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在武汉山乡的征地拆迁个案中,上访人经历了从协商型上访、维权型上访到谋利型上访的尴尬过程,这意味着信访机制的异化。从基层信访治理实践来看,资源媒介型治理模式是信访机制异化的根本原因。在资源总量大幅增加的条件下,基层政府通过利益诱导来对上访进行直接治理,或者通过资源配置来调动社会力量参与,从而实现对上访的间接治理。资源媒介型治理模式是思想教育型治理模式的替代。市场经济条件和基层政府的自利性,使得以说服、教育、调解为主,强制、惩罚为辅的思想教育型治理正在丧失正当性。资源媒介型治理不是权力的合法运用,因此信访治理转型任重道远。需要确立正当利益原则,对民众和基层政府的利益诉求以正当利益为标准,并通过财政预算制度来确保基层政府遵守正当利益原则。
In the case of land requisition and demolition in Shan Shan, Wuhan, the petitioners experienced an embarrassing process from consultation petitions and rights protection petitions to petty petitions, which meant the alienation of petition mechanisms. From the grass-roots petition management practices, resource-based governance model is the root causes of alienation of the petition mechanism. Under the conditions of a substantial increase in the total amount of resources, the grassroots governments directly govern the petitioners through interest induction or mobilize the participation of social forces through resource allocation so as to realize the indirect treatment of petitions. Resource-based governance model is the ideological and educational governance model alternative. The conditions of market economy and the self-interest of grassroots governments make the ideological and educational governance dominated by persuasion, education, mediation, coercion and punishment losing legitimacy. Resource-based governance is not the legitimate use of power, so a long way to go governance transformation. The principle of legitimate interests needs to be established, the interests of the general public and grassroots governments must be justified by their legitimate interests, and the principle of legitimate interests must be ensured through the budgetary system.