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目的调查献血不良反应的发生原因以及应对措施,并总结其经验。方法收集2010年1月—2014年12月在本血站无偿献血者的基本资料,分析无偿献血者所发生的献血不良反应以及所采取的相对应的措施。结果恐惧、紧张等心理因素及晕血晕针是引发献血不良反应的主要因素。空腹,睡眠不足和劳累,血流不畅或多次穿刺,空气不流通、拥挤等环境因素都会造成献血不良反应。结论献血反应是由多种因素引起的,心理及精神因素是献血不良反应的主要原因,发生几率与献血的次数有一定的关联;因此加强心理因素干预,改善献血环境,同时加强采血护士穿刺技术,提高工作人员服务水平可有效减少献血反应的发生。
Objective To investigate the causes of adverse reactions of blood donation and its countermeasures and to summarize its experience. Methods The basic data of unpaid blood donors in this blood collection station from January 2010 to December 2014 were collected, and the adverse reactions of blood donation occurred in unpaid blood donors and the corresponding measures taken were analyzed. The results of fear, tension and other psychological factors and faint halo faint needle is the main factor in causing adverse reactions of blood donation. Fasting, lack of sleep and fatigue, poor blood flow or multiple punctures, air flow, congestion and other environmental factors can cause adverse blood donation. Conclusion The blood donation reaction is caused by many factors. Psychological and psychiatric factors are the main causes of adverse reactions of blood donation. The chances of occurrence of blood donation are related to the frequency of blood donation. Therefore, psychological intervention should be strengthened to improve blood donation, , Improve staff service levels can effectively reduce the occurrence of blood donation reaction.