肝的癌前性病变最重要的是肝硬变,向来认为肝硬变与肝癌(特别是肝细胞癌)之间有密切的关系。近年来,通过免疫学或肝活检等方法,逐渐明确了从肝炎到肝硬变然后到肝癌的一系列过程。HB 抗原的发现,以及其后有关肝炎病毒研究的发展,逐渐确立了 B 型肝炎病毒有可能成为致癌因子。又甲种胎儿蛋白在肝细胞癌患者血中异常地出现,这些大有助于肝癌的临床研究。最近α_1抗胰旦白酶缺乏症作为肝硬变及肝癌的因素之一引起了重视。本文讨论 B 型 The most important precancerous lesion of the liver is cirrhosis, and there has been a close relationship between cirrhosis and liver cancer (especially hepatocellular carcinoma). In recent years, a series of processes from hepatitis to liver cirrhosis and to liver cancer have gradually been established through methods such as immunology or liver biopsy. The discovery of HB antigens, and the subsequent development of research on hepatitis viruses, has gradually established that the hepatitis B virus may become a carcinogenic factor. Another type of fetal protein appears abnormally in the blood of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, which contributes to the clinical research of liver cancer. Recently, α_1 anti-pancreatinase deficiency has attracted attention as one of the factors of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. This article discusses Type B