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以克新13为材料,研究了氮磷钾肥不同施用量和施用时期对马铃薯干物质累积动态及转运分配的影响。研究表明,在马铃薯全生育期内,根、茎、叶干物质的积累量呈单峰曲线,高氮磷低钾处理(T1和T2)茎叶干物质积累量的峰值出现在淀粉积累期,而低氮磷高钾处理(T3和T4)峰值出现在块茎膨大初期;各处理块茎干物质积累量则成线性增加。等量氮肥水平下,氮肥分期施用能增加块茎干物质的积累量和分配比例,收获时,将1/3氮肥在块茎膨大前追施的处理比氮肥全部做基肥处理的块茎中干物质积累量提高5个百分点;与高氮磷低钾处理(T1与T2)相比,低氮磷高钾处理(T3和T4)可增加块茎中干物质的积累量以及分配比例,收获时T3块茎干物质的积累量比T1提高了12个百分点。
The effects of N, P and K fertilizers on accumulation dynamics and translocation and distribution of potato dry matter were studied under different application rates and application periods. The results showed that during the whole growth period of potato, the accumulation of dry matter in roots, stems and leaves showed a single peak curve. The peak value of accumulation of dry matter in stems and leaves of high nitrogen, phosphorus and low potassium treatments appeared in starch accumulation period, However, the peak values of low N, P and K treatments (T3 and T4) appeared at the early stage of tuber expansion. The dry matter accumulation of tubers increased linearly. Under the same nitrogen level, the application of nitrogen fertilizer could increase the accumulation and distribution proportion of tuber dry matter. When harvesting, the treatment of applying 1/3 nitrogen fertilizer before bulking tubers was more than that of nitrogen fertilizer. (T3 and T4) increased the accumulation of dry matter in tubers as well as the proportion of distribution, the dry weight of T3 tubers at harvest The accumulation of more than T1 increased by 12 percentage points.