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以‘神马’和‘长紫’两个切花菊品种的生根试管苗为试材,用60Co-γ射线进行辐射,设0(对照)、10、15和20Gy等4个剂量处理,处理后以茎段和叶片为外植体进行离体培养,分析辐射对腋芽发生率、愈伤组织诱导率和分化率的影响,统计M1代田间主要性状及变异情况。结果表明:γ射线对试管苗茎段和叶片的愈伤组织诱导及分化有明显抑制作用,随着辐射剂量的增加抑制作用加强。不同品种、不同外植体对辐射的敏感程度都存在差异。茎段较叶片更适合做辐射后组培的外植体。‘长紫’M1代株高降低,花径减小;而‘神马’在株高和花径出现略微增加的趋势。茎段和叶片的再生植株田间主要性状的变异程度大于腋芽的再生植株。‘长紫’在花色和瓣形上的变异率高于‘神马’。
Taking rooted test-tube seedlings of two cut chrysanthemum varieties of ’Shenma’ and ’Violet’ as test materials, they were irradiated with 60Co-γ rays and treated with 4 doses of 0 (control), 10,15 and 20Gy, The stem segments and leaves were used as explants for in vitro culture. The effects of radiation on the incidence of axillary buds, callus induction rate and differentiation rate were analyzed. The main characters and variation of M1 generation were collected. The results showed that γ ray could significantly inhibit the induction and differentiation of callus in the stem segments and leaves of the plantlets, and the inhibition was enhanced with the increase of radiation dose. Different species, different explants of radiation sensitivity are different. Stems more suitable than the leaves of tissue explants after irradiation. The plant height and the flower diameter of ’M1’ grown on ’Long Violet’ decreased, while the height and flower diameter of ’Shenma’ showed a slight increase. The degree of variation of main traits in the regenerated plants of stem segments and leaves was greater than that of axillary bud regenerated plants. ’Violet’ variability in flower color and petal shape is higher than that of ’Shenma’.