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（自然）学科是向小学生进行科学启蒙教育的一门学科。在20年的改革进程中，自然教学的指导思想、教材内容、教学方法都发生了根本的变化。自然学科从一门重知识传授的学科转变为重视科学素质教育的学科；从以书本知识为认识对象转变为以大自然的事物和现象为认识对象；从教师
(Natural) Discipline is a discipline that educates pupils on the science of enlightenment. In the course of 20 years of reform, fundamental changes have taken place in the guiding ideology, teaching materials and teaching methods of natural teaching. Natural sciences change from a subject taught by heavy knowledge to a discipline that emphasizes scientific quality education; from understanding knowledge of books as objects of understanding and taking things and phenomena of nature as cognition objects;