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目的:跟踪分析飞行学员基础学习阶段MBTI人格类型变化特征,为飞行学员心理健康水平评估与干预提供依据。方法:采用修定中文版MBTI人格类型量表,对同批飞行学员在基础学习阶段的第1年与第3年分别进行测评。结果:大一飞行学员中,ESTJ人格类型最多,为22.4%;INFJ、ENFJ、INFP和INTP人格类型最少,分别为1.7%、1.9%、2.6%及3.0%。大三飞行学员中,ESTJ人格类型显著增多,为28.1%;INFJ、INFP、INTP和ENFJ人格类型显著减少,分别为0.6%、1.3%、1.3%及1.7%。大三E、S、T、P分值显著高于大一(P<0.05);J、I、N、F分值显著低于大一(P<0.05)。结论:飞行学员多为E、S、T、J偏好,与飞行人员的要求相适应;但仍有个别飞行学员易发生心理问题,应进行针对性心理干预。
OBJECTIVE: To track and analyze the characteristics of MBTI personality types during the basic learning of flight students, and to provide basis for the assessment and intervention of mental health of flight students. Methods: The revised version of the Chinese version of the MBTI personality type, the same batch of students in the basic learning phase of the first year and the third year of evaluation. Results: Among the freshmen, ESTJ had the most personality types, accounting for 22.4%; INFJ, ENFJ, INFP and INTP had the least personality types, 1.7%, 1.9%, 2.6% and 3.0% respectively. Junior pilots, ESTJ personality types increased significantly to 28.1%; INFJ, INFP, INTP and ENFJ personality types were significantly reduced, respectively 0.6%, 1.3%, 1.3% and 1.7%. The scores of E, S, T and P in the third grade were significantly higher than those in the freshman (P <0.05). The scores of J, I, N and F in the third grade were significantly lower than those in the freshman (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Most flight students are E, S, T, J preferences, which are adapted to the requirements of pilots. However, there are still some individual students prone to psychological problems and psychological interventions should be conducted.