论文部分内容阅读
本文在模拟井底条件下研究了泡沫在水平环空中的携岩能力。就聚合物处理剂、泡沫质量、流动速度、温度和压力等因素对泡沫携岩能力的影响进行了详细深入研究。实验是在全尺寸的流动环空中进行,其实验管长为73ft(5·76in×3·5in的同心环空),改变温度(80~170?)和压力(100~400psi),考察其携岩能力的变化。使用了较为成熟的现场用泡沫体系,其中含有表面活性剂和羟乙基纤维素聚合物(HEC)。同时,还测试了三种不同聚合物浓度(0、0·25%和0·5%)下的携岩能力。泡沫质量在70%~90%之间变化。在测试中,不断地在流动环中注入岩屑,直至达到稳态。使用核密度计原位测定了岩屑的体积浓度。当然,也可以通过称量加入和流出流动环中的岩屑含量来计算环中岩屑浓度。实验中的测试参数为:气体和液体的注入速率、注入的岩屑质量和清除塔中的岩屑质量、混合密度、摩擦压力损耗,以及环空中的压力和温度等。在携岩测试过程中可以观测到同时存在静态岩屑床和全悬浮流体。流体流动参数主要受聚合物浓度、泡沫质量和环空流速的影响。环空流动速率、泡沫质量和聚合物浓度等因素都会影响携岩效率和摩擦压力损耗。本文将有助于更好地设计钻井和洗井作业方案。
In this paper, we studied the rock carrying capacity of foam in the horizontal annulus under simulated bottom hole conditions. The effects of polymer treatment agent, foam quality, flow rate, temperature and pressure on the rock carrying capacity of foam were studied in detail. Experiments were performed in a full-scale flow annulus with a test tube length of 73 ft (5 · 76 in × 3.5 in concentric annulus), changing temperature (80-170 °) and pressure (100-400 psi) Rock capacity changes. A more sophisticated field foam system was used which contained surfactant and hydroxyethylcellulose polymer (HEC). At the same time, the ability to carry rock under three different polymer concentrations (0,0.25% and 0.5%) was also tested. Foam quality varies between 70% and 90%. During the test, cuttings were continuously injected into the flow ring until it reached steady state. In-situ determination of the volume concentration of cuttings using a nuclear densitometer. Of course, it is also possible to calculate the cuttings concentration in the ring by weighing the cuttings content in and out of the flow ring. The experimental parameters for the experiment were the injection rates of gas and liquid, the quality of cuttings injected and the quality of cuttings in the removal tower, mixing density, friction pressure loss, pressure and temperature in the annulus, and so on. During the rock boring test, both the static cuttings bed and the full suspension fluid can be observed. Fluid flow parameters are mainly influenced by polymer concentration, foam quality and annulus velocity. Factors such as annulus flow rate, foam quality and polymer concentration can affect rock carrying efficiency and friction pressure loss. This article will help to better design drilling and well washing operations.