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本文报告５例原发肛管直肠的恶性黑色素瘤的临床病理及免疫组化特点。在本组病例中女性为主，平均年龄为５８．４岁。２例肿瘤位于肛管部，２例位于齿状线处，ｌ例位于直肠下端。光镜检查４例可见色素颗粒，免疫组化染色：肿瘤细胞对Ｓ－１００蛋白，ＨＭＢ４５及Ｖｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ抗体呈阳性反应。在１例肿瘤旁的鳞状上皮内可见早期浅表黑色素瘤表现，另１例直肠粘膜柱状上皮内可见非典型增生的色素细胞。提示肛管直肠的黑色素瘤既可以来自肛管鳞状上皮内的色素细胞，也可以来自直肠柱状粘膜上皮内的色素细胞。
This article reports the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of 5 cases of primary anorectal malignant melanoma. In this group of women, the average age is 58.4 years. Two tumors were located in the anal canal, two in the dentate line, and one in the lower rectum. Light microscopy showed pigment particles in 4 cases. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein, HMB45 and Vimentin antibodies. In 1 case of squamous epithelium beside the tumor, early superficial melanoma was seen. In another case, dysplasia pigment cells were found in rectal mucosal columnar epithelium. Prompt melanoma of the anorectal mesothelium can come from the pigment cells in the squamous epithelium of the anal canal, but also from the pigment cells in the rectal column mucosal epithelium.