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地球科学研究不但将丰富人类的知识宝库,而且将带来经济上的收益。这是美国全国研究理事会(NRC)和英国皇家学会(与自然环境研究理事会合作)所持有的观点。美国全国研究理事会在它的一份题为“海洋的新领域”的报告中强调了从美国海岸线出发延伸达二百海里宽的专属经济区的经济潜力。目前(或近期)对海底的利用包括海底石油与天然气资源的开发、废物处理、越洋电缆的铺设、渔业、海底矿物开采及海洋保护区等。美国对海洋资源的依赖程度很可能会日益增加。
Earth science research will not only enrich the human knowledge base, but also bring economic benefits. This is the view held by the National Research Council (NRC) and the Royal Society (in collaboration with the Research Council for the Natural Environment). In its report entitled “The New Frontiers in Oceans”, the National Research Council of the United States underlined the economic potential of an exclusive economic zone stretching from the United States coastline up to 200 nautical miles wide. The current (or recent) use of the seabed includes the development of seabed oil and gas resources, waste disposal, laying of offshore cables, fisheries, seabed mineral extraction and marine reserves. The United States is likely to rely more and more on marine resources.