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聚合酶链反应－单链构型多态分析－脱氧核糖核酸序列测定技术（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ－ＤＮＡ技术），对正确检测和评价人食管癌和癌前病变组织肿瘤抑制基因Ｐ５３的基因变化的影响进行了分析。结果：ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ－ＤＮＡ序列测定技术是分析肿瘤抑制基因Ｐ５３变化的较灵敏和可靠的方法。但是，肿瘤组织的取样误差和处理不当可造成对Ｐ５３基因突变的发生率和性质的错误结论。利用免疫组织化学技术定位检测Ｐ５３蛋白的变化，并据此在镜下组织切片中收集Ｐ５３蛋白免疫组化阳性细胞，然后进行ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ－ＤＮＡ分析有助于提高Ｐ５３基因变化的检出率，阳性细胞浓集数量与Ｐ５３基因变化检出率呈正相关。
Polymerase chain reaction-single strand configuration polymorphism analysis-deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing technology (PCR-SSCP-DNA technology), for the correct detection and evaluation of gene changes in tumor suppressor gene P53 in human esophageal and precancerous lesions Analyzed. Results: PCR-SSCP-DNA sequencing technique is a sensitive and reliable method to analyze the changes of tumor suppressor gene P53. However, sampling errors and improper handling of tumor tissue can lead to erroneous conclusions about the incidence and nature of mutations in the P53 gene. Immunohistochemical technique was used to locate and detect the changes of P53 protein, and according to this, the P53 protein immunohistochemical positive cells were collected in microscopic tissue sections. PCR-SSCP-DNA analysis was then helpful to increase the detection rate of P53 gene mutation. The number of positive cells was positively correlated with the detection rate of P53 gene mutation.