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本文对20世纪以来西方的现代莎剧研究做了简要的回顾,主要着眼点为从“角色研究”到“形式主义批评”再到“历史化批评”的数个研究范式的转换,并着力分析各自所带来的问题,着重讨论新历史主义对这些问题的应对,以便指出其对于莎剧研究的推进作用。在接下来的部分中,本文对中国的莎剧研究也做了概述,并在与新历史主义进行对比的基础上,指出很多学者仍不愿意做方法论方面的自我反思且对文本读得不够细致。这些都是中国的莎士比亚研究无法进入国际学术主流的原因所在。基于此,作者对中国的莎剧研究乃至于整个文学研究提出了一些建设性的意见。
This essay briefly reviews the western modern Shakespearean studies since the 20th century. The main focus is on several research paradigms from “character research” to “formalist criticism” to “historical criticism” And focus on analyzing the problems brought by each, focusing on the response of neo-historicism to these problems in order to point out its role in promoting the study of Shakespearean drama. In the following part, this article also gives an overview of the studies of Shakespearean drama in China and on the basis of contrasting with New Historicism, points out that many scholars are still not willing to do self-reflection in methodology and not read the text carefully enough . These are the reasons why China’s Shakespearean studies can not enter the international academic mainstream. Based on this, the author put forward some constructive suggestions on the studies of Shakespeare in China and even on the entire literary studies.