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1.引言 单加氧酶是氧化还原酶的一类,因其能够活化分子氧并将其中一个氧原子插入到有机化合物中而引起广泛的研究兴趣。甲烷单加氧酶广泛存在于多种烷烃氧化菌、烯烃氧化菌和酵母等微生物中。已经发现、甲烷单加氧酶在细胞中负责将甲烷转变成甲醇(图1)。 此外,甲烷单加氧酶能催化氧化相当多的化合物,其中许多反应都是化学上不易实现的。例如,C_1—C_8烷烃的羟化,C_2—C_4烯烃的环氧化等等。该酶作为催化剂突出的优点还在于它在催化氧化时表现出的高立体选择性,其酶促过程往往可以获得有光学活性的产品。从
1. Introduction Monooxygenases are a class of oxidoreductases that have attracted a great deal of research interest due to their ability to activate molecular oxygen and to insert one of the oxygen atoms into an organic compound. Methane monooxygenase is widely present in many alkane oxidizing bacteria, alkene oxidizing bacteria and yeast and other microorganisms. Methane monooxygenases have been found to be responsible for converting methane to methanol in the cell (Figure 1). In addition, methane monooxygenase catalyses the oxidation of a considerable number of compounds, many of which are chemically unimportant. For example, C 1 -C 8 alkane hydroxylation, C 2 -C 4 olefin epoxidation and so on. The advantage of this enzyme as a catalyst is its high stereoselectivity when it is catalytically oxidized, and the enzymatic process tends to result in an optically active product. From