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本文论述改革开放至今我国国有企业产业分布与产业重组的历史过程与发展趋势。１９７９年至１９９１年为第一阶段，国有企业经历了剧烈的产业重组：在重化工业领域产业份额不再增加；在轻工业等产业中，因其他非国有企业的进入，国企的产业份额出现了相对下降。国有企业与非国有企业在产业功能上进一步分工。国有企业在竞争性产业领域受到来自非国有企业的竞争，从而加快了向基础设施与基础产业领域的集中。在基础产业与支柱产业领域的国有企业得以充实和加强的同时，其他竞争性产业领域的中小国企则进一步陷入困境，由此形成了中小国企从这些领域被动退出的局面。１９９１年至今为第二阶段，国有企业在整个产业中的比重持续下降。但与市场经济发达国家相比，国有企业的产业参与度仍显过高，产业分布仍然过于分散。尽管国企产业重组已进入自然有序状态，但从历史的角度看，重组的任务十分艰巨，重组的过程仍会很漫长
This article discusses the historical process and development trend of industrial distribution and industrial restructuring of state-owned enterprises in our country since the reform and opening up. From 1979 to 1991, the first phase of state-owned enterprises underwent a drastic industrial restructuring: the share of industries in the heavy chemical industry no longer increased; in the light industry and other industries, the share of state-owned enterprises in the industrial sector came into the market due to the entry of other non-state-owned enterprises Relative decline. State-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises in the industrial functions further division of labor. State-owned enterprises are subject to competition from non-state-owned enterprises in the area of competitive industries, thereby accelerating the concentration in infrastructure and basic industries. While the state-owned enterprises in the basic industries and pillar industries have been enriched and strengthened, the small and medium-sized state-owned enterprises in other competitive industries are further in trouble, thus resulting in the passive exit of small and medium-sized state-owned enterprises from these fields. From 1991 to the present, the second phase, the share of state-owned enterprises in the entire industry continued to decline. However, compared with the developed market economy, the degree of industrial participation in state-owned enterprises is still too high, and the distribution of industries is still too scattered. Although the restructuring of state-owned enterprises has entered a natural order, from a historical perspective, the task of restructuring is arduous, and the process of restructuring will still be very long