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目的对桃叶提取物的杀蚊活性进行初步筛选,为寻找和开发高效的植物源杀蚊剂奠定基础。方法分别采用浸液法和三角瓶熏蒸法测定了桃叶的乙醇提取物、石油醚提取物及水蒸气蒸馏法提取物对淡色库蚊Ⅲ龄幼虫及雌成蚊的毒杀活性。结果通过实验发现采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取的物质具有较高的生物活性,处理24 h后对淡色库蚊Ⅲ龄幼虫的致死中浓度(LC_(50))为27.33 mg/L,处理5 h后对淡色库蚊雌成蚊的熏杀活性LC_(50)为1.04 mg/L。结论桃叶的水蒸气蒸馏提取物的杀蚊活性最好,石油醚提取物中等,乙醇提取物最差。
Objective To preliminary screening the mosquito-repellent activity of the peach leaf extract and lay the foundation for the search and development of a highly effective plant-derived mosquito killing agent. Methods The toxicity of peach leaf extract, petroleum ether extract and steam distillation extract to the third-instar larvae and female adult mosquitoes of Culex pipiens pallens were determined by immersion and flask fumigation respectively. Results The results showed that the substance extracted by steam distillation had high biological activity. The LC50 of the third-instar larvae of Culex pipiens pallens for 24 h after treatment was 27.33 mg / L. After 5 h of treatment, The fumigation activity of adult mosquito Culex pipiens pallens LC_ (50) was 1.04 mg / L. Conclusions The steam distillation extract of peach leaf has the best anti-mosquito activity with medium petroleum ether extract and the worst ethanol extract.