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目的探讨骨髓细胞学检查对老年贫血病因诊断的临床价值。方法随机抽取2014年12月—2016年11月许昌市中心医院169例老年贫血患者,均接受骨髓细胞学检查,包括红细胞系、粒细胞系、淋巴细胞系、单核细胞系、浆细胞系等各类细胞在各个不同成熟阶段所占百分比。结果 169例患者中124例患者被确诊为13种疾病,包括缺铁性贫血35例、巨幼细胞性贫血11例、溶血性贫血7例、急性白血病24例、再生障碍性贫血8例、慢性淋巴细胞白血病3例、慢性粒细胞白血病4例、骨髓增生异常综合症7例、病原微生物感染性贫血12例、恶性组织细胞病2例、多发性骨髓瘤8例、传染性单核细胞增多症2例、转移癌1例,确诊率为73.37%(124/169)。共45例患者因骨髓无特异性改变而未提供明确诊断依据。结论骨髓细胞学检查可用于老年人贫血病因及贫血疾病类型诊断鉴别。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of bone marrow cytology in the diagnosis of etiology of senile anemia. Methods A total of 169 elderly patients with anemia at Xuchang Central Hospital were randomly selected from December 2014 to November 2016. All patients underwent bone marrow cytology, including erythrocyte, granulocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte and plasma cell lines Various types of cells at various stages of the percentage of mature. Results Of the 169 patients, 124 were diagnosed with 13 diseases including 35 with iron deficiency anemia, 11 with megaloblastic anemia, 7 with hemolytic anemia, 24 with acute leukemia, 8 with aplastic anemia, 8 with chronic 3 cases of lymphocytic leukemia, 4 cases of chronic myeloid leukemia, 7 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome, 12 cases of pathogenic microbial infectious anemia, 2 cases of malignant histiocytosis, 8 cases of multiple myeloma, infectious mononucleosis 2 cases and 1 case of metastatic carcinoma. The diagnosis rate was 73.37% (124/169). A total of 45 patients did not provide a definitive basis for diagnosis because of no specific changes in bone marrow. Conclusion Bone marrow cytology can be used to diagnose the causes of anemia and the types of anemia in the elderly.