采用玉米秆、稻谷壳、甘蔗渣等可再生资源制备活性炭,将其在高纯氩气保护下制备的石墨微晶作为石墨烯新型碳源,经水热及微波工艺制备石墨烯。采用透射电镜、扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、红外光谱、拉曼光谱及X射线衍射等技术对样品进行了详细表征。结果表明:该方法可成功制备缺陷度较低的大尺寸石墨烯纳米片(4~20μm),为基于可再生资源的低成本高质量石墨烯的制备开辟了新路。 Activated carbon was prepared from renewable resources such as corn stalks, rice husks and bagasse. The graphite crystallites prepared under the protection of high purity argon were used as a new carbon source for graphene. Graphene was prepared by hydrothermal and microwave techniques. The samples were characterized by TEM, SEM, AFM, IR, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the method can successfully prepare large-size graphene nanosheets with low defects (4 ~ 20μm), which opens up a new way for the preparation of low-cost and high-quality graphene based on renewable resources.