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依据张家口典型小流域水土流失监测数据及其推广区域水土流失治理效益数据,对该区不同侵蚀类型区的水土流失综合配置模式及推广的价值进行了研究。结果表明,在不同类型区进行土地利用结构调整和工程及植被措施选取时,土石丘陵区和土石山区应重点考虑阴坡阳坡下垫面条件的差异性,石质山区应重点考虑小流域不同部位的土壤厚度,白垩纪恶劣地形区考虑的重点是尽可能减少对原始地面的扰动和破环。根据不同治理区下垫面条件的差异,各典型小流域在实施治理后生态效益明显,保土和蓄水效益分别到达70%和60%以上。在类似区域推广后,同样取得了明显的生态效益,水土保持效益均达60%以上。治理区域内林草地面积及土地利用率所占比例均显著提高,对水土流失的调控能力也明显增强。
Based on the monitoring data of soil and water loss of typical small watershed in Zhangjiakou and the data of benefit of soil and water erosion control in the popularized area, the integrated model of soil and water loss and the value of popularization in different types of erosion area were studied. The results show that when adjusting the land use structure and choosing engineering and vegetation measures in different types of areas, the differences between the underlying surface conditions of shady slope and sunny slope should be considered in the rocky hilly region and the rocky mountainous area. The soil thickness at the site and the severe terrain in the Cretaceous are under consideration to minimize disturbances and breaks to the original ground. According to the difference of underlying surface conditions in different control areas, the ecological benefits of all typical small watersheds after the implementation of management are obvious, and the benefits of soil conservation and water storage reach more than 70% and 60% respectively. In similar areas after the promotion, also made significant ecological benefits, soil and water conservation benefits reached more than 60%. The area of forest and grassland and land use in the area under control all increased significantly, and the ability to control soil and water loss was also obviously enhanced.