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本文首先测算和分解了中国城镇居民收入基尼系数,然后考察了腐败对城镇居民收入基尼系数及其各项来源收入集中率的影响。主要发现包括:中国城镇居民收入基尼系数自20世纪90年代中期以来持续上升了,其中,工薪收入和转移性收入对基尼系数的贡献率自2000年以来是持续下降的,经营净收入和财产性收入对基尼系数的贡献率是持续上升的,且它们是城镇居民收入不平等的两个主要的促增来源;同时,腐败显著地扩大了城镇居民收入不平等,它对城镇居民收入不平等的解释度远远高于经济增长等其他影响因素,其中,腐败主要是扩大了城镇高收入组和低收入组居民间的工薪收入和转移性收入不平等,它对城镇高收入组和低收入组居民间的经营净收入和财产性收入不平等只是具有不显著的负向影响。本文对理解中国收入不平等有着重要的政治经济学含义。
This paper first estimates and decomposes the income Gini coefficient of urban residents in China, and then examines the impact of corruption on income Gini coefficient of urban residents and their sources of income concentration. The main findings include: The Gini coefficient of incomes of urban residents in China has been on a continuous rise since the mid-1990s. The contribution of wage income and transfer income to the Gini coefficient has been on a continuous decline since 2000, with net operating income and property The contribution of income to the Gini coefficient continues to rise, and they are the two major sources of income inequality among urban residents. At the same time, corruption significantly increases income inequality among urban residents, Explanations are much higher than other factors such as economic growth. Corruption, on the other hand, mainly expands the wage and income inequality between urban high-income group and low-income group residents. It is of great significance to urban high-income group and low-income group Unequal operating net income and property income among residents have only insignificant negative impacts. This article has important political and economic implications for understanding China’s income inequality.