目的了解宁波市鄞州区水痘突破病例的发生分布情况。方法收集2012—2013年报告的水痘病例,将接种至发病超过42 d的病例纳入突破病例作统计分析。结果 2年中报告的433例水痘突破病例发病呈现冬季和春末夏初季节性高峰,以冬季更为明显;男女性别比为1.45∶1,发病年龄高峰为5~6岁(27.94%),发病人群以学龄前儿童(49.65%)和学生人群(49.42%)为主,突破病例发病在接种疫苗后的第3~6年(62.12%)。结论鄞州区水痘突破病例的发病季节、发病年龄及接种至发病时间分布特征与文献报道基本一致。 Objective To understand the occurrence and distribution of cases of chickenpox in Yinzhou District of Ningbo City. Methods The varicella cases reported in 2012-2013 were collected and the cases inoculated until the onset of disease more than 42 days were included in the case analysis for statistical analysis. Results The incidence of 433 cases of chickenpox reported in 2 years showed a seasonal peak in winter and early spring and early summer, especially in winter. The ratio of male to female was 1.45:1, and the peak age of onset was 5 to 6 years old (27.94%). The incidence of pre-school children (49.65%) and the student population (49.42%) were the main breakthrough in the incidence of vaccination in the first 3 to 6 years (62.12%). Conclusion The incidence of chickenpox breakthrough cases in Yinzhou District, the age of onset and the distribution of the time from inoculation to onset are basically consistent with those reported in the literature.