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【目的】探讨含人脐血(umbilical cord blood，UCB)来源的间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs)联合造血生长因子(hematopoietic growth factors，HGFs)体系扩增后的脐血造血细胞在NOD／SCID小鼠体内植入及重建小鼠造血的能力。【方法】①用含女性胎儿脐血MSCs(UCBMSCs)及HGFs组合的无血清扩增体系体外扩增男性新生儿UCB CD34~+细胞。②收获扩增第6天的UCB细胞，经尾静脉移植给亚致死量照射后的雌性NOD／SCID小鼠。③动态观察移植后小鼠生存情况及外周血象的恢复。④移植后8周，流式细胞仪检测存活小鼠骨髓中人CD45~+、CD45~+CD33~+、CD45~+CD41~+、CD45~+CD3~+和CD45~+CD19~+细胞含量；PCR法检测移植小鼠外周血中人Y染色体表达。【结果】①非扩增组小鼠存活率为60％，扩增组存活率为90％。②动态观察发现：扩增组白细胞和血红蛋白于移植后第20天恢复，PLT于移植后第40天恢复，明显短于非扩增组。③移植后8周，两组小鼠外周血中人Y染色体检测均为阳性，扩增组和非扩增组小鼠骨髓中人CD45+细胞的含量分别为18.5％±8.3％和16.5％±5.7％，差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。④移植后8周，扩增组小鼠体内CD45~+CD33~+和CD45~+CD41a~+细胞的百分率均高于非扩增组，但CD45~+CD3~+、CD45~+CD19~+细胞百分比均低于非扩增组。【结论】①含人UCBMSCs体系扩增后的UCB细胞具有NOD／SCID小鼠体内植入并重建小鼠造血的能力，似不具有提高小鼠体内植入率的作用。②扩增后的UCB移植可显著促进移植后小鼠造血恢复，提高小鼠存活率。③扩增后的UCB移植主要促进小鼠髓系及巨核系的植入，但对淋巴系的植入有抑制作用。
【Objective】 To investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) and hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) / SCID mice in vivo implantation and reconstruction of mice hematopoietic ability. 【Methods】 (1) Male neonatal UCB CD34 ~ + cells were expanded in vitro by serum-free amplification system containing female fetal cord blood MSCs (UCBMSCs) and HGFs. (2) UCB cells were harvested on day 6 and transplanted via tail vein to female NOD / SCID mice after sublethal irradiation. ③ dynamic observation of the survival of mice after transplantation and recovery of peripheral blood. ④ The levels of human CD45 ~ +, CD45 ~ + CD33 ~ +, CD45 ~ + CD41 ~ +, CD45 ~ + CD3 ~ + and CD45 ~ + CD19 ~ + cells in bone marrow of surviving mice were detected by flow cytometry PCR was used to detect the expression of human Y chromosome in peripheral blood of transplanted mice. 【Results】 ① The survival rate of mice in non-amplification group was 60%, and the survival rate of expansion group was 90%. Dynamic observation showed that the white blood cells and hemoglobin of the amplification group recovered on the 20th day after transplantation, and the PLT recovered on the 40th day after transplantation, which was significantly shorter than that of the non-amplification group. ③ At 8 weeks after transplantation, the detection of human Y chromosome in the two groups of mice was positive. The content of human CD45 + cells in the bone marrow of the mice in the amplification group and non-amplification group were 18.5% ± 8.3% and 16.5% ± 5.7 %, The difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). At 8 weeks after transplantation, the percentage of CD45 ~ + CD33 ~ + and CD45 ~ + CD41a ~ + cells in the amplification group was higher than that in non-expansion group, but CD45 ~ + CD3 ~ + and CD45 ~ + CD19 ~ The percentage of cells was lower than the non-amplification group. 【Conclusion】 (1) UCB cells expanded with human UCBMSCs have the ability to implant and reconstitute mouse hematopoiesis in NOD / SCID mice, which may not appear to improve the implantation rate in mice. ② The expanded UCB transplantation can significantly promote the recovery of hematopoietic cells and the survival rate of mice after transplantation. ③ The expanded UCB transplantation mainly promoted the implantation of myeloid and megakaryocyte in mice, but inhibited the implantation of lymphatic system.