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目的:考察天麻生长地生态因子对天麻素含量的影响,探讨土壤生态因子与天麻品质的关系;方法:选择天麻采收期采集不同产地的野生和栽培天麻及其生长地土壤样本,检测土壤中微生物数量、有机质含量、金属元素含量、土壤酸碱度及天麻素含量,分析这些生态因子与天麻素含量的关系。结果:在采集样本中,野生和栽培天麻生长地土壤中细菌总数及细菌/真菌比值与天麻素含量总体趋势都呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001),真菌总数与天麻素含量总体趋势都呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001);土壤有机质含量与天麻素含量分别在野生或栽培样本群内呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001);土壤pH值与天麻素含量之间的相关性散点图大致以pH6.0为峰值,呈典型的抛物线型趋势分布;土壤中Cu元素和Zn元素分别在个别样本群中与天麻素含量呈相关系数达到0.4以上,但tr值检验没有显著性。结论:天麻生长地土壤细菌/真菌构成状况、有机质含量和pH值很可能是影响天麻品质的重要生态因子。
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of ecological factors on the content of gastrodin in the field of Gastrodia elata Blume, and to explore the relationship between the soil ecological factors and the quality of Gastrodia elata.Methods: Select the wild and cultivated Gastrodia elata Blume and its growing area from different areas to collect Microbial quantity, organic matter content, metal element content, soil pH value and gastrodin content, and analyzed the relationship between these ecological factors and gastrodin content. Results: In the collected samples, the total number of bacteria and the ratio of bacteria to fungi in the wild and cultivated Gastrodia elata Blume were negatively correlated with the general trend of gastrodin content (P <0.05 or P <0.01 or P <0.001), and the total number of fungi and Gastrodia elata (P <0.05 or P <0.01 or P <0.001). The contents of soil organic matter and gastrodin were positively correlated with the content of gastrodin in wild or cultivated samples (P <0.05 or P <0.01 or P <0.001) ); Soil pH and gastrodin content of the correlation between the scatter plot to pH6.0 peak, showing a typical parabolic trend distribution; soil Cu and Zn elements in individual samples in the gastrodin content Correlation coefficient was above 0.4, but the tr value test was not significant. Conclusion: The composition of soil bacteria and fungi, the content of organic matter and the pH value in the field of gastrodia tuber are likely to be important ecological factors affecting the quality of Gastrodia elata Blume.