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目的了解南京市发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)的流行病学特征,为制定有效的防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,分析2010-2016年南京市报告的SFTS病例时间、人群、地区分布特征和报病医疗机构分布等,并将2016年流行特征与2010-2015年进行比较。结果 2010-2016年南京市共报告SFTS确诊病例70例,年均10例(2~30例),年均报告发病率为0.14/10万(0.05/10万~0.36/10万)。4-11月有病例报告,5-7月是主要发病高峰(63%)。男性占56%,病例年龄中位数为60岁(26~82岁),男女年龄分布位置相同(P=0.82);病例以农民为主(63%),其次是家务及待业(20%)。报告病例数前三位地区为溧水区(39%)、江宁区(19%)、浦口区(14%),共占报告病例数的71%。2010年报告一起家庭聚集性疫情,发现3例病例,血液、分泌物或排泄物可能是重要传播因子。全市共有9家机构报告SFTS病例,其中3家三级综合性医疗机构报告了全市84%的病例,病例发病至诊断时间间隔中位数为10d(0~30 d)。结论 2016年南京市报告SFTS病例显著增加,流行特征与2010-2015年一致,应进一步采取综合措施防控SFTS。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Nanjing and to provide a scientific basis for making effective prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution of SFTS cases, population, geographical distribution and distribution of reported medical institutions in Nanjing in 2010-2016. The prevalence of 2016 was compared with that of 2010-2015. Results A total of 70 SFRS cases were reported in Nanjing from 2010 to 2016, with an average of 10 cases (2-30 cases) per year. The annual average reported incidence was 0.14 / 100000 (0.05 / 100000 ~ 0.36 / 100000). There were case reports from April to November, with the main peak of incidence in May-July (63%). 56% were males, and the median age of cases was 60 years old (26-82 years). The age distribution of males and females was the same (P = 0.82); the cases were dominated by peasants (63%), followed by household and unemployed (20% . The top three reported cases are Lishui District (39%), Jiangning District (19%) and Pukou District (14%), accounting for 71% of the reported cases. In 2010, a family outbreak was reported and found in 3 cases that blood, secretions or excretions may be an important transmission factor. A total of nine agencies reported SFTS cases in the city, of which three tertiary medical institutions reported 84% of the city’s cases, with a median diagnosis time interval of 10 days (0-30 days). Conclusion In 2016, Nanjing City reported a significant increase in SFTS cases and its epidemiological characteristics were consistent with that of 2010-2015. Comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and control SFTS.