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目的 为了提高对侧颅底手术中颈静脉球空间形态的认识。方法 对 2 0具成人尸头 4 0侧颈静脉球高度、顶部骨质气化、毗邻结构进行了解剖观测。结果 发现颈静脉球与面神经垂直段最短距离为 2 .6 7± 1.2 3mm(0～ 4 .6 2mm) ,左右侧无显著差异 ;与鼓室最小间隔为 :右侧 3.12± 1.4 6mm(0～ 6 .16mm) ,左侧 4 .86± 2 .0 4mm(1.0 2～ 9.2 6mm) ,P <0 .0 5;高位颈静脉球出现率为 17.5% (7/40 ) ,右侧为 30 % (6 /2 0 ) ,左侧为 5% (1/2 0 ) ,P <0 .0 5;右侧颈静脉球高度为 9.2 9± 1.78mm(6 .58～ 14.2 6mm) ,左侧为 6 .0 4± 2 .98mm(0～ 11.84mm) ,P<0 .0 0 1;颈静脉球顶部骨质硬化时其高度为 5.33± 3.2 1mm(0～ 9.54mm ) ,非硬化时高度为8.90± 2 .0 8mm(2 .6 8～ 14.2 6 ) ,P <0 .0 0 1;颈静脉球到内耳道最短距离为 :右侧 5.82±1.6 4mm(3.16～ 8.6 2mm) ,左侧 8.0 2± 2 .38mm(4 .2 6～ 17.12mm)P <0 .0 5。结论 正常人左、右侧颈静脉球区解剖有一定规律及差异 ,熟悉颈静脉球解剖 ,有助于侧颅底手术顺利进行
Objective To improve the understanding of space morphology of jugular bulb in contralateral skull base surgery. Methods The height of the jugular bulb in 40 adult cadaver heads, the gasification of the top bone and the adjacent structures were observed anatomically. The results showed that the shortest distance between the jugular bulb and the facial nerve was 2.67 ± 1.2 3mm (0-4.62mm), and there was no significant difference between the left and right sides. The minimum interval with the tympanic was 3.12 ± 1.4 6mm (0-6 .16mm) on the left, 4.86 ± 2.04mm (1.02 ~ 9.26mm) on the left, P <0.05; the incidence of jugular bulb was 17.5% (7/40) on the left and 30% The left jugular bulb height was 9.29 ± 1.78mm (6.58 ~ 14.26mm), the left was 6%, the left was 5% (1/2 0), P < .0 4 ± 2.98mm (0 ~ 11.84mm), P <0.01; the height of the top of the jugular bulb was 5.33 ± 3.2 1mm (0 ~ 9.54mm) at the top of the bone and 8.90 ± 2.08mm (2.6-8-14.26), P <0.01; the shortest distance from the jugular bulb to the internal auditory meatus was 5.82 ± 1.6 4mm (3.16-8.62mm) on the right and 8.02 ± 2 .38mm (4.226 ~ 17.12mm) P <0. Conclusion There are some regularities and differences in the anatomy of the left and right jugular veins in normal people. Familiar with the anatomy of the jugular bulb, which is helpful for the smooth operation of lateral skull base surgery