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新批评主张作品本体论,摒弃历史和传记的传统方法,转向文本内部寻找意义,对文本进行语言学的解读。这种将文学从“外在研究”转向“内在研究”的方法风靡欧美长达半个世纪,曾经是美国大学里文学研究的主要方法。20世纪三、四十年代新批评传入我国,影响了一大批的文人学者。但是在对该派理论的认识上,人们往往又误解它落入了形式主义的窠臼。本为就试图通过对作为批评标准的退特张力说的解读来表明新批评理论的方法论意义,同时展示“细读”在诗歌解读方面的价值。
The new criticism advocates the ontology of works, abandoning the traditional methods of history and biography, turning to the inner part of the text for the meaning and the linguistic interpretation of the text. This method of turning literature from “external research ” to “internal research ” has swept Europe and the United States for as long as half a century, and has been the main method of literature study in American universities. New criticisms in the 1930s and 1940s came to our country in the 20th century, affecting a large number of scholars and scholars. However, people often misunderstand that it falls into the trap of formalism. This article attempts to show the methodology of the new critical theory through the interpretation of the tension of the gynecological tension, which is the standard of criticism, and at the same time shows the value of “reading ” in poetry interpretation.