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近几十年来随着传统鱼类资源衰退,短生命周期种类的资源量和捕捞产量出现了增长,并已成为世界海洋捕捞业的重要捕捞对象,为使渔业资源可持续利用,必须制定合理的渔业管理计划,实现对渔业资源的科学管理。对渔业资源进行科学的评估是制定渔业管理计划的基础,渔业资源评估模型则是进行渔业资源评估的重要工具,对短生命周期种类资源进行科学评估和管理是一个极为重要的课题。但是短生命周期种类具有生命周期短、生长快、资源丰富以及产卵种群多的特点,资源量极易受海洋环境影响的独特的生活史特征,使得世界各国对短生命周期种类资源评估和管理的研究处在发展初期。本文首先介绍了短生命周期种类的生物学特点,接着简要介绍了传统资源评估模型的分类,最后详细阐述了目前应用于短生命周期种类的资源评估模型与方法,同时,本文对渔业资源评估模型中存在的问题进行了探讨,并对其未来的发展进行了展望。
With the decline in traditional fish stocks in recent decades, short-life-cycle resource stocks and catch increases have emerged and have become important fisheries for the world’s marine fisheries. To ensure the sustainable use of fisheries resources, a rational Fisheries management plan to achieve the scientific management of fishery resources. Scientific assessment of fishery resources is the basis for the development of fisheries management plans. The fishery resource assessment model is an important tool for fishery resources assessment. It is an extremely important issue to carry out scientific assessment and management of short-life species resources. However, the short life cycle has the characteristics of short life cycle, fast growth, abundant resources and spawning populations. The unique life history characteristics that the amount of resources is extremely vulnerable to the marine environment make the countries in the world evaluate and manage short-life cycle resources Research in the early stages of development. This paper first introduced the biological characteristics of short life cycle species, and then briefly introduced the classification of traditional resource assessment model, and finally elaborated the current application of short life cycle types of resource assessment models and methods, at the same time, this paper on the fisheries resources assessment model In the existing problems were discussed, and its future development prospects.