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作为上海国际航运中心的主体,上海深水港的建设,已引起中外港航界的广泛关注。深水港的建设,尽管有许多技术性的问题需要研究解决,但决不能忽视经济范畴方面的问题。本人拟就上海深水港建设经济性基本要素,谈些看法。一、关于上海深水港深度的探讨 上海的深水航道,应该以多深为标准,这是研究上海深水港要首先明确的问题。我认为有以下诸要素要充分考虑: 1.上海港需人工开挖方能形成一定深度的航道。开挖多深,要有适度。过深了,要增加开挖投资和维护成本。既要基本满足主体船型的通航要求,又要从国情、港情出发,考虑经济实力的可能。离开国力可能的“一步到位”,并不是最佳的方案。 2.上海港利用潮差进出大型船舶也不失为良策。这在国际航运界也是常有的。目前长江口栏门沙7米水深,我们利潮差2.5～3米.吃水9.5米的船舶就可乘潮进出,努力创造出比7米水深好得多的效益。于是2700～3800TEU的船（非满载）进上海港了。这种做法在今后即使有了比7米深得多航道时,也还应继续利用。
As the main body of Shanghai International Shipping Center, the construction of Shanghai’s deep-water port has drawn wide attention from both Chinese and foreign shipping circle. Although the construction of a deep-water port needs to be studied and solved in many technical issues, we must not overlook the problems of economic aspects. I would like to talk about the basic economic elements of Shanghai’s deep-water port construction. First, on the depth of the deep-water port in Shanghai Deep-water channel in Shanghai should be based on how deep the standard, which is the study of Shanghai’s deep-water port to be the first clear issue. I think the following elements should be fully considered: 1. Shanghai Port needs artificial excavation to form a certain depth of waterway. Deep excavation, to be moderate. Too deep, to increase excavation investment and maintenance costs. It is necessary to basically meet the navigation requirements of the main ship, but also from the national conditions, harbor conditions, consider the possibility of economic strength. It is not the best solution to leave the possible “one-stop” national strength. 2. The use of tidal range Shanghai Port access to large vessels is also a good strategy. This is also common in the international shipping community. At present, the Yangtze River mouth bar door sand depth of 7 meters, we tide tide 2.5 to 3 meters. Draft 9.5 meters can take the tide out of the ship, and strive to create a much better than 7 meters water depth benefits. So 2700 ~ 3800TEU ship (not fully loaded) into the harbor. This practice should continue to be used in the future even with a much deeper waterway than 7 meters.