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下列词汇及句子均是学生作文中较常出现的错误，熟记易错词的正确拼写，准确理解易错句，将起到增分的作用。
一、词汇方面
下列单词是学生作文中较常出现拼写错误的词汇：
二、语法方面
1. 动词方面。
(1)人物类、地点类、科普类等作文中，句子常用一般现在时，但学生容易漏写第三人称单数形式。例：He look younger because he always keep optimistic. (look和keep后应加s)
(2)进行时态的句子中，学生往往会漏掉be（am、are、is、was、were）。例：Our life getting better and better．(getting前应加is)
(3)注意现在分词的构成中无需改y再加ing的动词。
She was carrying water while I was enjoying the match.
(4)下列动词的过去式和过去分词学生容易出错。
admitted, stopped, preferred, occurred, permitted, referred
2. 冠词方面。
如，以下句中的冠词都用错了：
As a American player，he is a honest man.
Take a umbrella with you in case it rains.
(两句中的三个a应改为an)
三、句子方面
1. 中式英语。
[例1]最近事故极多。
[误]Recently has many accidents.
[正]There have been a great number of accidents lately.
[析]表示某时某地“有”用there be句型。
[例2]有40%的学生没有足够的睡眠。
[误]Have 40% students don’t have enough sleep.
[正]Forty percent of students don’t have enough sleep.
[析]汉语中的“有”字有时在英语中无需对译；表示“百分之几十的……”或“几分之几的……”，在分数或百分数与其后的名词之间要用介词of。
[例3]我和他昨天参观了一个博物馆。
[误]I and he yesterday visited a museum.
[正]Yesterday he and I visited a museum.
[析]表示时间，地点的名词只能放在句子开头或结尾。另外：人称排序是：你，他，我。
2. 句子结构不完整。
从句缺主语，或前后时态不一致。
[例]他虽然失败了，但没有泄气。
[误]He failed, but don’t lose heart.
[正]He failed, but he didn’t lose heart.
[析]复合句中，主从句都应该有主语，并注意前后时态必须一致。
3. 多用介词。
[例1]今天上午他来看我。
[误]He came to see me in this morning.
[正]He came to see me this morning.
[析] 在this morning/last week/next month(year)前通常不用介词。
例2]学生到达那儿时，他们就开始工作了。
[误]When the students arrived at there, they set about working.
[正]When the students arrived there, they set about working.
[析] 在here / there是副词，通常不用介词。
4. 词性误用。
[例1]早起床是一个好习惯
[误]Get up early is a good habit.
[正]Getting up early is a good habit.
[析]动词原形不用主语或宾语，此时，可改为动名词。
[例2]加税已经影响了我们大家。
[误]The tax increases have effect us all.
[正]The tax increases have affected us all.
[析]effect是名词，而不是动词。
(作者单位：梅州市东山中学梅县新城分校)
责任编校蒋小青
“本文中所涉及到的图表、公式、注解等请以PDF格式阅读”
一、词汇方面
下列单词是学生作文中较常出现拼写错误的词汇：
二、语法方面
1. 动词方面。
(1)人物类、地点类、科普类等作文中，句子常用一般现在时，但学生容易漏写第三人称单数形式。例：He look younger because he always keep optimistic. (look和keep后应加s)
(2)进行时态的句子中，学生往往会漏掉be（am、are、is、was、were）。例：Our life getting better and better．(getting前应加is)
(3)注意现在分词的构成中无需改y再加ing的动词。
She was carrying water while I was enjoying the match.
(4)下列动词的过去式和过去分词学生容易出错。
admitted, stopped, preferred, occurred, permitted, referred
2. 冠词方面。
如，以下句中的冠词都用错了：
As a American player，he is a honest man.
Take a umbrella with you in case it rains.
(两句中的三个a应改为an)
三、句子方面
1. 中式英语。
[例1]最近事故极多。
[误]Recently has many accidents.
[正]There have been a great number of accidents lately.
[析]表示某时某地“有”用there be句型。
[例2]有40%的学生没有足够的睡眠。
[误]Have 40% students don’t have enough sleep.
[正]Forty percent of students don’t have enough sleep.
[析]汉语中的“有”字有时在英语中无需对译；表示“百分之几十的……”或“几分之几的……”，在分数或百分数与其后的名词之间要用介词of。
[例3]我和他昨天参观了一个博物馆。
[误]I and he yesterday visited a museum.
[正]Yesterday he and I visited a museum.
[析]表示时间，地点的名词只能放在句子开头或结尾。另外：人称排序是：你，他，我。
2. 句子结构不完整。
从句缺主语，或前后时态不一致。
[例]他虽然失败了，但没有泄气。
[误]He failed, but don’t lose heart.
[正]He failed, but he didn’t lose heart.
[析]复合句中，主从句都应该有主语，并注意前后时态必须一致。
3. 多用介词。
[例1]今天上午他来看我。
[误]He came to see me in this morning.
[正]He came to see me this morning.
[析] 在this morning/last week/next month(year)前通常不用介词。
例2]学生到达那儿时，他们就开始工作了。
[误]When the students arrived at there, they set about working.
[正]When the students arrived there, they set about working.
[析] 在here / there是副词，通常不用介词。
4. 词性误用。
[例1]早起床是一个好习惯
[误]Get up early is a good habit.
[正]Getting up early is a good habit.
[析]动词原形不用主语或宾语，此时，可改为动名词。
[例2]加税已经影响了我们大家。
[误]The tax increases have effect us all.
[正]The tax increases have affected us all.
[析]effect是名词，而不是动词。
(作者单位：梅州市东山中学梅县新城分校)
责任编校蒋小青
“本文中所涉及到的图表、公式、注解等请以PDF格式阅读”