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在初中英语学习中，有很多学生对直接引语变间接引语感到十分吃力，究其原因是思路不清晰，方法不得当，未找到科学有效的学习途径。笔者在长期的教学实践中，积累了一些活教、乐学较为丰富的经验，探索了一些灵活有效的教学方法，现将直接引语变间接引语有关的注意事项简要概述如下：
一、“一朵金花”——八种变化形式
1.时态变化
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
一般过去时 过去完成时
can could
may might
2.人称变化
eg.She asked Jack,“Where will you go?”
She asked Jack where he would go.
3.指示代词的变化
直接引语 间接引语
this that
these those
eg.He said,“These magazines are mine.”
He said (that) those magazines were his.
4.时间状语的变化
直接引语 间接引语
now then
today that day
tonight that night
this week/…. that week/….
yesterday the day before
the day before yesterday two days before
last week/……. the week/… before
tomorrow the next day/following day
ago before
eg.My father said,“I will go to Xi’an tomorrow.”
My father said that he would go to Xi’an the next day.
5.地点状语和动词的变化
直接引语 间接引语
here there
come go
6.say to somebody应变为ask/tell somebody，ask or tell因语气而定。
Eg.“We’re going to have the second monthly exam next week.”He said to us.
He told us that they are going to have the secon dmonthly exam the next week.
7.直接引语中若有呼语时，变为间接引语时，把呼语变为间接引语的间接宾语。
Eg.“What are you going to be when you grow up,LiPing.” said the teacher.
S1:What did the teacher say?
S2:The teacher asked LiPing what he was going to be when he grew up.
8.语气变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，将原直接引语中的疑问语序变为陈述语序。
二、“二朵金花”——四种不变形式
1.若在当天转述，today、yesterday、tomorrow等不需改变。
2.若在当地转述时，here不必改为there，come不必改为 go。
Eg.His mother said to me,“He is a clever boy.”
His mother told me he is a clever boy.
3.直接引语中的第一人称到间接引语中，就变成说话人的人称；直接引语中的第二人称到间接引语中，就变成听话人的人称；直接引语中的第三人称到间接引语中，人称不变。
Eg.She said to me,“Your English is very good.”
She told me my English was good.
4.直接引语表述的为客观真理、自然现象、科学原理、格言时，时态不变.
“Light travels much fsater than sound.”The physics teacher said to us.
The physics teacher told us light travels much faster than sound.
三、“三朵金花”——四大焦点
焦点一：直接引语为陈述句，改为间接引语时，是用连词that（口语常省略）引导的宾语从句。
Eg.Mary said to me,“I’ll come here again tomorrow.”
Mary told me（that）she would go there again the next day.
焦点二：直接引语为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时，是用连词if（whether）引导的宾语从句。
Eg.“Will you work on the math problem with your sister this evening?”Tom said to me.
Tom asked me if（whether）I would work on the math problem with my sister that evening.
焦点三：直接引语为特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时，是用疑问代词（副词）引导的宾语从句。
Eg.“What’s your name?”He said to me.
He asked me what my name is.
Notice:若连接代词what、who、whose、which在间接引语中作主语时，语序不变。
Eg.Do you know what is in the kitchen/who is on duty today?
焦点四：直接引语为祈使句，改为间接引语时，用ask/tell/order等动词改为ask/tell/order sb（not）to do sth句式。
Eg.“Don't copy the other’s homework,LiLei.”The teacher said.
The teacher told Li Lei not to copy others’homework.
一、“一朵金花”——八种变化形式
1.时态变化
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
一般过去时 过去完成时
can could
may might
2.人称变化
eg.She asked Jack,“Where will you go?”
She asked Jack where he would go.
3.指示代词的变化
直接引语 间接引语
this that
these those
eg.He said,“These magazines are mine.”
He said (that) those magazines were his.
4.时间状语的变化
直接引语 间接引语
now then
today that day
tonight that night
this week/…. that week/….
yesterday the day before
the day before yesterday two days before
last week/……. the week/… before
tomorrow the next day/following day
ago before
eg.My father said,“I will go to Xi’an tomorrow.”
My father said that he would go to Xi’an the next day.
5.地点状语和动词的变化
直接引语 间接引语
here there
come go
6.say to somebody应变为ask/tell somebody，ask or tell因语气而定。
Eg.“We’re going to have the second monthly exam next week.”He said to us.
He told us that they are going to have the secon dmonthly exam the next week.
7.直接引语中若有呼语时，变为间接引语时，把呼语变为间接引语的间接宾语。
Eg.“What are you going to be when you grow up,LiPing.” said the teacher.
S1:What did the teacher say?
S2:The teacher asked LiPing what he was going to be when he grew up.
8.语气变化
直接引语变为间接引语时，将原直接引语中的疑问语序变为陈述语序。
二、“二朵金花”——四种不变形式
1.若在当天转述，today、yesterday、tomorrow等不需改变。
2.若在当地转述时，here不必改为there，come不必改为 go。
Eg.His mother said to me,“He is a clever boy.”
His mother told me he is a clever boy.
3.直接引语中的第一人称到间接引语中，就变成说话人的人称；直接引语中的第二人称到间接引语中，就变成听话人的人称；直接引语中的第三人称到间接引语中，人称不变。
Eg.She said to me,“Your English is very good.”
She told me my English was good.
4.直接引语表述的为客观真理、自然现象、科学原理、格言时，时态不变.
“Light travels much fsater than sound.”The physics teacher said to us.
The physics teacher told us light travels much faster than sound.
三、“三朵金花”——四大焦点
焦点一：直接引语为陈述句，改为间接引语时，是用连词that（口语常省略）引导的宾语从句。
Eg.Mary said to me,“I’ll come here again tomorrow.”
Mary told me（that）she would go there again the next day.
焦点二：直接引语为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时，是用连词if（whether）引导的宾语从句。
Eg.“Will you work on the math problem with your sister this evening?”Tom said to me.
Tom asked me if（whether）I would work on the math problem with my sister that evening.
焦点三：直接引语为特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时，是用疑问代词（副词）引导的宾语从句。
Eg.“What’s your name?”He said to me.
He asked me what my name is.
Notice:若连接代词what、who、whose、which在间接引语中作主语时，语序不变。
Eg.Do you know what is in the kitchen/who is on duty today?
焦点四：直接引语为祈使句，改为间接引语时，用ask/tell/order等动词改为ask/tell/order sb（not）to do sth句式。
Eg.“Don't copy the other’s homework,LiLei.”The teacher said.
The teacher told Li Lei not to copy others’homework.