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近年来,中国近岸重金属污染问题日趋严重。作者通过研究重金属Cd~(2+)和Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾(Palaemon carincauda)的单一及复合急性毒性效应,为其养殖水质管理提供科学依据。本研究采用半静态急性毒性测定方法,开展了不同浓度Cd~(2+)和Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾96 h内的急性毒性试验。研究结果表明:在单一污染物暴露下,Cd~(2+)对脊尾白虾24、48、72、96 h的半数致死质量浓度(LC50)分别为138.699、33.110、9.719、3.650 mg/L,Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾48、72、96 h的LC50分别为254.541、62.750、29.074 mg/L;Cd~(2+)、Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾96 h的安全质量浓度分别为0.365和2.907 mg/L;在等浓度配比(1︰1)暴露下,Cd~(2+)和Pb~(2+)复合污染对目标生物在48、72、96 h暴露期间的毒性相加指数(additive index,AI)分别为0.155、0.068、0.258。综上所述,Cd~(2+)对脊尾白虾的毒性较Pb~(2+)更强,Cd~(2+)和Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾的复合污染均表现出较明显的协同作用。
In recent years, the problem of heavy metal pollution in coastal areas of China has become increasingly serious. By studying the single and compound acute toxicity effects of heavy metals Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ on Palaemon carincauda, the authors provide a scientific basis for the management of aquaculture water quality. In this study, the semi-static acute toxicity assay was used to test the acute toxicity of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ to Pleurotus ostreatus in 96 h. The results showed that the LC50 of Cd2 + to Puma prawn at 24,48,72,96 h were 138.699, 33.110, 9.719 and 3.650 mg / L under the single pollutant exposure, respectively. The LC50 of Pb2 + to Pleurotus intermedius at 48, 72 and 96 h were 254.541, 62.750 and 29.074 mg / L, respectively. The Cd2 +, Pb2 + The concentrations of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ were exposed to the target organisms at 48, 72 and 96 h after exposure to the same concentration (1︰1), respectively, with the concentrations of 0.365 and 2.907 mg / L, respectively During the period, the additive index (AI) was 0.155, 0.068 and 0.228, respectively. In conclusion, Cd 2+ showed more toxicity to Pb than that of Pb 2+, and the combined pollution of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ showed that More obvious synergy.