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1. [课本原文]They are about 10 feet long and they weigh about 1,000 pounds. 它们大约有10英尺长,1,000磅重。
[点拔](1)英语中长、宽、高等的表达方式可用“数字+量词(复数)+long/wide/high…”结构,它可作表语,也可作后置定语。例如:
The street is about 200 metres long, 3 metres wide. 那条街大约有200米长,3米宽。
His father is 6 feet tall. 他爸爸身高6英尺。
This figure is 20 metres high.=This is a figure 20 metres high. 这是一座20米高的像。
(2)长、宽、高还可用复合形容词,即“数字+量词(单数)+long/wide/high…”表达,中间为连字符,常用作前置定语。例如:
This is a 20-metre-high building. 这是一座20米高的楼。
She is a six-year-old girl. 她是个6岁大的女孩。
[考例] This is a ____ river and that river is ____.
A. 200-metre-long; 400 metre long B. 200-metre-long; 400 metres long
C. 200-metres-long; 400 metres long D. 200 metres long; 400-metre-long
[解析]B 第一空作前置定语,故应用复合形容词形式;第二空作表语,应用“数词+量词(复数)+long”形式,故选B。句意为:这是条200米长的河,那条河长400米。
2. [课本原文]We’re trying to save the manatees. 我们正设法拯救海牛。
[点拔]try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事”。例如:
He tried to pass the exam, but failed. 他努力争取考试及格,可惜没成功。
He tried to get the work done with little help.
他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。
[注意]try doing sth.意为“试着做……”,表示试着做某件事情,看看会发生什么情况。例如:
I tried sending her flowers but it didn’t have any effect.
我试着给她送花,然而没什么结果。
[相关链接]
try to do与manage to do:
try to do意为“设法去做”,不一定做成,manage to do则表示“设法做而且做成”。例如:
He managed to pass the examination.=He succeeded in passing the examination.
他成功地通过了考试。
[考例]——I usually go home by ship.
——Why not ____ by air for a change?
A. trying to go B. trying going C. try going D. try to go
[解析]C why not后接动词原形,意为“为什么不……”,可排除A、B两项;try to do意为“努力做某事”,try doing意为“试着做某事”,很显然,本题的意思是建议乘飞机试试,故C为正确答案。
3. [课本原文]…and I have never seen one I liked or one that was suitable for animals to live in. ……没有见过一个我喜欢或者适合的动物生活的地方。
[[点拔]be suitable for意为“适合于,适宜”,指适合于某人的身份、地位、年龄,合乎时宜的言语、行动及适宜于某种环境或用途等。指“人”时有时也可用to代替for。例如:
This kind of book is suitable for children. 这类书适合儿童看。
Is she suitable for the work? 她适合于这项工作吗?
This is a suitable place for a picnic. 这是一个适合野餐的地方。
[相关链接](1)be fit for意为“适合,适宜”,表示因具有自然的品格而使之适合于某一目的或用途。例如:
The manager is not fit for his position. 这位经理不称职。
(2)指适合某一目的、用途时,be fit for可与be suitable for互换;be fit后可接不定式,即be fit to do sth.; be suitable后一般不接不定式。例如:
I don’t think she’s really fit/suitable for the job. 我认为她实在不适合这工作。
[考例]He said that the work was not suitable ____ me.
A. in B. for C. at D. with
[解析]B “适合于,适宜”应说be suitable for,故选D。句意为:他说这项工作对我不合适。
4. [课本原文]Ifwe don’t support our zoos, they won’t have enough money to take care of so many fine animals. 如果没有人支持我们的动物园,那就没有足够的资金用来照料这些动物了。
[点拔](1)support作动词,意为“支持,支撑,忍受,证实,帮助,支持,维持”等。例如:
I can’t support the pains. 我不能忍受这种痛苦。
Which football team do you support? 你支持哪个足球队?
He promised to support her with 10,000 yuan. 他答应赞助她一万元。
[相关链接]
support和raise, feed, keep
(1)raise意为“抚养,饲养,种植”。
(2)keep意为“养活(此时与support同义,但support不用于饲养动物),饲养”。
(3)feed意为“喂养,饲养,以……为食物”。
(2)take care of意为“照顾,照料”,相当于look after, of和after都是介词,其后接名词或代词作宾语。“很好地照顾”应说take good care of或look after…well。例如:
Please take care of the baby for me. 请替我照看一下孩子。
Take care of the baby while I’m out. 我出去时,请你照顾孩子。
Li Ping isn’t at school. He is taking care of his mother in hospital.
李平没有来上学,他正在照顾住院的妈妈。
[考例1]That man works twelve hours a day to ____ his large family.
A. support B. keep C. feed D. B and D
[解析]A feed意为“喂养”;keep“养活,饲养”;support“养活,维持生活”;当“养活”讲support与keep同义,但support不用于指饲养动物,因此正确答案为A。句意为:为了养活一大家人,那个人一天工作12小时。
[[考例2]选出与句子中划线部分意义最接近的一项
There is little time left. Could you run your eyes over my report quickly?
A. look through B. look at C. look for D. look out
[解析]A 句意为:几乎没有时间了,你能迅速浏览一下我的报告吗?look through“浏览”;look at“看……”;look for“寻找”;look out“当心”。
5. [课本原文]…,you think zoos are not good for animals. ……,你们认为动物园并不适合动物。
[点拔]be good for意为“有益于……,对……有用,对……有好处”;其反义短语为be bad for,意为“对……有害处”,其后一般接名词或代词。例如:
Doing morning exercises is good for you. 做早操对你有好处。
Eating too much is bad for you. 吃得太多对你没有好处。
[相关链接]
do sb. good对某人有好处; be good to sb.对某人态度好;对……和善; be good at擅于;在……方面好
[考例]Smoking is really not good ____ one’s health.
A. for B. to C. with D. by
[解析]A be good后不接with或by,而跟to与for意思不同,be good to sb.意为“对某人态度好”;be good for sb.意为“对某人有好处”。由句意“吸烟对健康没有好处。”可知应选A。
6. [课本原文]I feel that zoos provide clean and safe places for endangered animals to live. 我觉得动物园能给那些濒临灭绝的动物提供干净和安全的生活环境。
[点拔](1)本句是一宾语从句,在从句中动词provide前省略了should;这是一种特殊的虚拟语气。特殊虚拟是在一些特殊的名词性从句中构成sb. (should) do sth.的结构。
(2)这些词包括: suggest(建议); order(命令); insist(坚持要求); require(要求); advise(建议); request(请求); propose(建议); demand(要求); feel(感觉)等。例如:
He insisted that we (should) hand in our compositions at once.
他坚持要我们立刻交作文。
I suggest we set off right away. 我建议我们马上动身。
They demanded that the students (should) learn a second language.
他们要求学生们要学第二外语。
(3)形容词necessary, strange, important, natural等作表语的主语从句,即It is necessary…It is important…等结构后的主语从句用(should) do…形式。
(4)“should+动词原形”或直接用动词原形,省略should。在现代英语中,特别是在新闻文件、外文文件、提案等及口语中后一种形式比较普遍。美国人也比较爱用后一种形式,用前一种形式的人越来越少了。例如:
The PLA men ordered that all the enemies (should) give up.
解放军战士们命令所有的敌人都投降。
It is important that we (should) be on time for the meeting. 开会守时是很重要的。
[考例]The teacher is very strict with us. He requests that every student ____ class.
A. be not late for B. is not late for C. don’t be late for D. not be late for
[解析]D request意为“要求,请求”,后面的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”, should常省略。且从句用的是否定形式,因此可判断(should) not be late for正确,故选D。句意为:老师对我们要求很严格,他要求我们每个学生都不应迟到。
[点拔](1)英语中长、宽、高等的表达方式可用“数字+量词(复数)+long/wide/high…”结构,它可作表语,也可作后置定语。例如:
The street is about 200 metres long, 3 metres wide. 那条街大约有200米长,3米宽。
His father is 6 feet tall. 他爸爸身高6英尺。
This figure is 20 metres high.=This is a figure 20 metres high. 这是一座20米高的像。
(2)长、宽、高还可用复合形容词,即“数字+量词(单数)+long/wide/high…”表达,中间为连字符,常用作前置定语。例如:
This is a 20-metre-high building. 这是一座20米高的楼。
She is a six-year-old girl. 她是个6岁大的女孩。
[考例] This is a ____ river and that river is ____.
A. 200-metre-long; 400 metre long B. 200-metre-long; 400 metres long
C. 200-metres-long; 400 metres long D. 200 metres long; 400-metre-long
[解析]B 第一空作前置定语,故应用复合形容词形式;第二空作表语,应用“数词+量词(复数)+long”形式,故选B。句意为:这是条200米长的河,那条河长400米。
2. [课本原文]We’re trying to save the manatees. 我们正设法拯救海牛。
[点拔]try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事”。例如:
He tried to pass the exam, but failed. 他努力争取考试及格,可惜没成功。
He tried to get the work done with little help.
他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。
[注意]try doing sth.意为“试着做……”,表示试着做某件事情,看看会发生什么情况。例如:
I tried sending her flowers but it didn’t have any effect.
我试着给她送花,然而没什么结果。
[相关链接]
try to do与manage to do:
try to do意为“设法去做”,不一定做成,manage to do则表示“设法做而且做成”。例如:
He managed to pass the examination.=He succeeded in passing the examination.
他成功地通过了考试。
[考例]——I usually go home by ship.
——Why not ____ by air for a change?
A. trying to go B. trying going C. try going D. try to go
[解析]C why not后接动词原形,意为“为什么不……”,可排除A、B两项;try to do意为“努力做某事”,try doing意为“试着做某事”,很显然,本题的意思是建议乘飞机试试,故C为正确答案。
3. [课本原文]…and I have never seen one I liked or one that was suitable for animals to live in. ……没有见过一个我喜欢或者适合的动物生活的地方。
[[点拔]be suitable for意为“适合于,适宜”,指适合于某人的身份、地位、年龄,合乎时宜的言语、行动及适宜于某种环境或用途等。指“人”时有时也可用to代替for。例如:
This kind of book is suitable for children. 这类书适合儿童看。
Is she suitable for the work? 她适合于这项工作吗?
This is a suitable place for a picnic. 这是一个适合野餐的地方。
[相关链接](1)be fit for意为“适合,适宜”,表示因具有自然的品格而使之适合于某一目的或用途。例如:
The manager is not fit for his position. 这位经理不称职。
(2)指适合某一目的、用途时,be fit for可与be suitable for互换;be fit后可接不定式,即be fit to do sth.; be suitable后一般不接不定式。例如:
I don’t think she’s really fit/suitable for the job. 我认为她实在不适合这工作。
[考例]He said that the work was not suitable ____ me.
A. in B. for C. at D. with
[解析]B “适合于,适宜”应说be suitable for,故选D。句意为:他说这项工作对我不合适。
4. [课本原文]Ifwe don’t support our zoos, they won’t have enough money to take care of so many fine animals. 如果没有人支持我们的动物园,那就没有足够的资金用来照料这些动物了。
[点拔](1)support作动词,意为“支持,支撑,忍受,证实,帮助,支持,维持”等。例如:
I can’t support the pains. 我不能忍受这种痛苦。
Which football team do you support? 你支持哪个足球队?
He promised to support her with 10,000 yuan. 他答应赞助她一万元。
[相关链接]
support和raise, feed, keep
(1)raise意为“抚养,饲养,种植”。
(2)keep意为“养活(此时与support同义,但support不用于饲养动物),饲养”。
(3)feed意为“喂养,饲养,以……为食物”。
(2)take care of意为“照顾,照料”,相当于look after, of和after都是介词,其后接名词或代词作宾语。“很好地照顾”应说take good care of或look after…well。例如:
Please take care of the baby for me. 请替我照看一下孩子。
Take care of the baby while I’m out. 我出去时,请你照顾孩子。
Li Ping isn’t at school. He is taking care of his mother in hospital.
李平没有来上学,他正在照顾住院的妈妈。
[考例1]That man works twelve hours a day to ____ his large family.
A. support B. keep C. feed D. B and D
[解析]A feed意为“喂养”;keep“养活,饲养”;support“养活,维持生活”;当“养活”讲support与keep同义,但support不用于指饲养动物,因此正确答案为A。句意为:为了养活一大家人,那个人一天工作12小时。
[[考例2]选出与句子中划线部分意义最接近的一项
There is little time left. Could you run your eyes over my report quickly?
A. look through B. look at C. look for D. look out
[解析]A 句意为:几乎没有时间了,你能迅速浏览一下我的报告吗?look through“浏览”;look at“看……”;look for“寻找”;look out“当心”。
5. [课本原文]…,you think zoos are not good for animals. ……,你们认为动物园并不适合动物。
[点拔]be good for意为“有益于……,对……有用,对……有好处”;其反义短语为be bad for,意为“对……有害处”,其后一般接名词或代词。例如:
Doing morning exercises is good for you. 做早操对你有好处。
Eating too much is bad for you. 吃得太多对你没有好处。
[相关链接]
do sb. good对某人有好处; be good to sb.对某人态度好;对……和善; be good at擅于;在……方面好
[考例]Smoking is really not good ____ one’s health.
A. for B. to C. with D. by
[解析]A be good后不接with或by,而跟to与for意思不同,be good to sb.意为“对某人态度好”;be good for sb.意为“对某人有好处”。由句意“吸烟对健康没有好处。”可知应选A。
6. [课本原文]I feel that zoos provide clean and safe places for endangered animals to live. 我觉得动物园能给那些濒临灭绝的动物提供干净和安全的生活环境。
[点拔](1)本句是一宾语从句,在从句中动词provide前省略了should;这是一种特殊的虚拟语气。特殊虚拟是在一些特殊的名词性从句中构成sb. (should) do sth.的结构。
(2)这些词包括: suggest(建议); order(命令); insist(坚持要求); require(要求); advise(建议); request(请求); propose(建议); demand(要求); feel(感觉)等。例如:
He insisted that we (should) hand in our compositions at once.
他坚持要我们立刻交作文。
I suggest we set off right away. 我建议我们马上动身。
They demanded that the students (should) learn a second language.
他们要求学生们要学第二外语。
(3)形容词necessary, strange, important, natural等作表语的主语从句,即It is necessary…It is important…等结构后的主语从句用(should) do…形式。
(4)“should+动词原形”或直接用动词原形,省略should。在现代英语中,特别是在新闻文件、外文文件、提案等及口语中后一种形式比较普遍。美国人也比较爱用后一种形式,用前一种形式的人越来越少了。例如:
The PLA men ordered that all the enemies (should) give up.
解放军战士们命令所有的敌人都投降。
It is important that we (should) be on time for the meeting. 开会守时是很重要的。
[考例]The teacher is very strict with us. He requests that every student ____ class.
A. be not late for B. is not late for C. don’t be late for D. not be late for
[解析]D request意为“要求,请求”,后面的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”, should常省略。且从句用的是否定形式,因此可判断(should) not be late for正确,故选D。句意为:老师对我们要求很严格,他要求我们每个学生都不应迟到。