普查是国家为了全面了解，掌握某项重要国情国力而专门组织的全面统计调走。它是一种重要的统计调查方法。它既可以提供反映重大国情国力的基本统计，又可以为抽样调查提供抽样框，在整个统计调查体系中居于基础地位．建国以来，特别是近十多年来，我国进行了多次重大国情国力 The census is a comprehensive statistical transfer organized by the state in order to fully understand and grasp the national strength of an important national affairs. It is an important statistical survey method. It can not only provide basic statistics reflecting the national strength of major national conditions, but also provide a sample frame for sampling surveys, which occupy the basic position in the entire statistical survey system. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, especially in the past decade or so, China has conducted many major national conditions and strength