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美国种质是中国甘蔗育种中重要的亲本材料,在中国甘蔗育种中具有重要的地位。本试验应用18对SSR引物对来自美国的12份种质和中国选育的36份种质进行分析,比较中、美甘蔗种质间的遗传多样性差异。48份材料在18对引物上共检测到257条多态性条带,平均每对引物上的多态性条带数为16.8,试验材料间的Jaccard遗传相似性系数介于0.3 913～0.7 246之间,平均为0.5 383。以Jaccard遗传相似性系数进行UPGMA聚类,在阀值约0.5时,48份材料可划分为3类,第一类包括34份中国材料和4份美国材料;第二类包括8份美国材料;第三类为具有热带种越南牛蔗血缘的两份中国材料。分析结果表明,美国种质和中国种质间具明显的遗传差异,继续加强美国种质的引进和应用有助于拓宽中国甘蔗品种的遗传基础;越南牛蔗的后代和其他材料之间具有明显的遗传差异,育种时应加强热带种的创新利用。
American germplasm is an important parent material in sugarcane breeding in China and plays an important role in sugarcane breeding in China. In this study, 18 SSR primers were used to analyze 12 germplasm from the United States and 36 germplasm from China. The differences of genetic diversity between Chinese and American sugarcane germplasm were compared. A total of 257 polymorphic bands were detected on 18 pairs of primers from 48 materials. The average number of polymorphic bands per primer pair was 16.8. The Jaccard genetic similarity coefficient of the tested materials ranged from 0.3 913 to 0.7 246 Between an average of 0.5383. UPGMA clustering was performed using the Jaccard genetic similarity coefficient. At a threshold of about 0.5, 48 materials could be divided into three categories, the first including 34 Chinese materials and 4 U.S. materials, the second including 8 U.S. materials, The third category is two Chinese materials with tropical Vietnamese cane blood. The results showed that there was a significant genetic difference between American germplasm and Chinese germplasm. Continuing to strengthen the introduction and application of American germplasm would help to broaden the genetic basis of Chinese sugarcane varieties. There was a significant difference between Vietnamese progeny and other materials The genetic differences, breeding should strengthen the innovative utilization of tropical species.