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尿素可以持续地从健康人的唾液和龈沟液中分泌出来,被口腔细菌尿素酶快速水解,产生的氨能够升高口腔环境的pH值,引起菌斑生物膜的改变,从而减少龋齿的发生。由于尿素水解作用对口腔环境中微生物致病机制的重要影响,所以对尿素酶及其活性的检测对预防和治疗龋齿可能具有很大的帮助。现分别从定性检测、半定量检测、定量检测3个不同层面,将近年来报道的口腔细菌尿素酶的检测方法作一综述。
Urea can be continuously secreted from the saliva and gingival crevicular fluid of healthy people and rapidly hydrolyzed by oral bacterial urease. The produced ammonia can raise the pH value of the oral environment, cause the change of plaque biofilm and thus reduce the occurrence of dental caries . Due to the important influence of urea hydrolysis on the pathogenesis of microorganisms in the oral environment, the detection of urease and its activity may be of great help in the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Now from the qualitative detection, semi-quantitative detection, quantitative detection of three different levels, the detection of oral bacterial urease reported in recent years are reviewed.