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Objectives To investigate the association of soluble Fas ligand(sFasL) andsoluble Fas receptor(sFas)with human chronic congestive heart failure(CHF). Methods The serumlevel of sFasL and sFas in 33 patients with CHF (13in cardiac function class Ⅱ, 17 in class Ⅲ, 3 inclass IV, NYHA) was assessed with enzyme- linkedimmunosorbent assay, and was compared with that of18 age-, blood pressure- matched patients with cardiac function class I (NYHA). Results There wasno difference in the level of sFasL between the twogroups [CHF group: 231.50 + / - 84.50 (cardiacfunction class Ⅱ 216.50+/-96.00 , class Ⅲ226.80 + / - 85.70, class IV 244. 00 + / - 73.00 )vs. cardiac function class I group: 217.50+ /-89. 00 pg/mL, P＞0. 05 ]. However, the level of sFaswas significantly higher in the patients with CHF thanthose of cardiac function class I group [CHF group:1353.30+/-507.71 (cardiac function class Ⅱ1154.85+/-371.20 , class Ⅲ 1412.88+/-493.62, class IV1875.67 + / - 806. 10) vs, cardiacfunction class I group: 983.11 + / -461.26 pg/mL,P＜0. 05 ]. Conclusions sFasL was not associatedwith human CHF. However, the elevation of serumlevel of sFas was proportion to the severity of humanCHF. sFas may play an important role in the patho-genesis of human CHF.